Ch. 12 - Nervous Tissue I Flashcards
What are the structural classification of neurons?
multipolar, bipolar, unipolar
How does the structural classification of neurons relate to their function?
Multipolar - all motor neurons, most interneurons
Unipolar - sensory neurons; dendrites act as sensory receptors
What are the 4 types of neuroglial cells in the CNS?
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells
What are the 2 types of neuroglial cells in the PNS?
Schwann cells, satellite cells
What are the function of astrocytes?
- processes help form blood-brain barrier
- maintain [ion] and [NT] in IS fluid
- regulate neural synapse formation
What are the function of oligodendrocytes?
form myelin sheath around CNS axons
What are the function of microglia?
- immune/phagocytic cells of CNS
- clear microbes/cellular debris
What are the function of ependymal cells?
- produce CSF
- form blood-CSF barrier
- form epithelial membrane lining cerebral cavities and central canal
What are the function of satellite cells?
- surround neuronal cell bodies in PNS (in ganglia)
- regulate exchange of material bt cell bodies and IS fluid
What are the function of Schwann cells?
- produce myelin around PNS axons
- exterior layer = neurolemma (cytoplasm + nucleus of Schwann cells)
What are the gaps between adjacent Schwann cells called? What purpose do they serve?
nodes of Ranvier; faster conduction
C/C myelination in CNS and PNS
CNS - cell bodies do not surround axons (no neurolemma)
PNS -
What are clusters of cell bodies/axons called in the CNS?
nuclei; tracts
What are clusters of cell bodies/axons called in the PNS?
ganglia; nerves
What is white matter?
myelinated axons
