Ch 11 Questions

Question 1

What are the four components of a Knowledge Management system?

Answer 1

1. Create/Acquire
2. Store
3. Disseminate
4. Action

Question 2

Which area of a Knowledge Management system can use an artificial intelligent technique to perform business processes?

Answer 2

All of areas can use AI techniques to perform business processes

Question 3

Example of Knowledge Management System.

Answer 3

Deep Blue - plays chess masters of the world - going through thousands of iterations to make moves

Dealing with mass amounts of data (hundreds of millions of records of data) that is not structured - can make sense of all this data

Question 4

How is data acquired by Knowledge Management systems?

Answer 4

Integrated into the network – programmed to see every single transaction and create reports for specific parameters and put it into storage

Reports will be used later to determine how to staff each section, what to put on sale, what needs to be kept in inventory

Acquired automatically and NEEDS to be stored

Question 5

How is data stored?

Answer 5

Databases are created that can keep record of the data collected and categorize it

Question 6

How is data disemminated?

Answer 6

Through portals, emails, instant messaging, wikis, social business tools, and search engine technology

Question 7

How is data applied?

Answer 7

Artificial intelligence technique to put data into use for us

Can help organizations:
Order products
Staff correctly
Etc.

Question 8

What are expert systems?

Answer 8

Knowledge-intensive computer program that captures the expertise of humans in limited domains of knowledge

Captures knowledge in the form of a set of rules that can be used by others in the organization

Question 9

What is chaos theory?

Question 10

What is machine learning?

Answer 10

Study of how computer programs can improve their performance without explicit programming

Machine learns the data and can recognize patterns in data. This allows it to change its behavior based on what its learned and prior experiences

Question 11

What are neural networks?

Answer 11

Hardware or software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain

Learn patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, ad correcting any mistakes

Question 12

Discuss one other intelligent technique that is covered in the textbook. How does it differ from expert systems?

Answer 12

Cased-Based Reasoning

Fuzzy Logic Systems

Machine Learning

Neural Networks

Genetic Algorithms

Question 13

How do search engines work? How do the databases get filled?

Answer 13

Search Engine – put in some words and searches the database

How does database get filled?
Web crawler component – working 24 hours a day (Google probably has hundreds) searching the Internet looking for information and making sense of data

Ex. Go to Google’s main page – search “Babe Ruth” – millions of links appear – web crawlers built data base over last few years

Question 14

What is tacit knowledge?

Answer 14

Knowledge in people’s heads

Question 15

What is a data warehouse?

Answer 15

A database that stores current and historical data extracted from various operational systems and consolidated for management reporting and analysis

Question 16

Why doesn’t all data end up in the Knowledge Management system?

Answer 16

No advantage to an employee to use knowledge management system

Up to senior management to make sure all work gets put into knowledge management system

Question 17

What is the benefit of bringing on someone who works for a company like KPMG?

Answer 17

Can reuse work that was done for American Airlines for Jet Blue

Benefit of hiring – have all of that knowledge

Question 18

What are the benefits of expert systems?

Answer 18

Improved decisions

Reduced errors

Reduced costs

Reduced training time

Higher levels of quality and service

Question 19

What are Knowledge Management Systems?

Answer 19

General-purpose firmwide efforts to collect, store, distribute, and apply digital content and knowledge

Question 20

What is case-based reasoning?

Answer 20

Descriptions of past experiences of human specialists, represented as cases, are documented and stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a similar case

Expert systems apply a set of IF-THEN-ELSE rules extracted from human experts

CBR represents knowledge as a series of cases that can be continuously expanded and refined by users

Question 21

What is fuzzy logic?

Answer 21

A rule-based technology that can represent such imprecision by creating rules that use approximate or subjective values

Question 22

What are genetic algorithms?

Answer 22

Useful for finding the optimal solution for a specific problem by examining a very large number of possible solutions

Represents information as a sting of 0’s and 1’s

Question 23

What intelligent techniques focus on discovering knowledge?

Answer 23

Data Mining

Neural Networks

Question 24

What intelligent techniques focus on distilling knowledge in the form of rules for a computer program?

Answer 24

Expert Systems

Fuzzy Logic

Question 25

What intelligent techniques focus on discovering optimal solutions for problems?

Answer 25

Genetic Algorithms

Question 26

What is data mining?

Answer 26

Analysis of large pools of data to find patterns and rules that can be used to guide decision making and predict future behavior