CH 11 Key Terms Flashcards
Allostasis
maintaining levels of biological conditions that vary according to an individual’s needs and circumstances
delay of gratification
declining a pleasant activity now in order to get greater pleasure later
Drive
state of unrest or irritation that energizes one behavior after another until one of them removes the irritation
extrinsic motivation
motivation based on the rewards an act might bring or the punishments it might avoid
hierarchy of needs
organization from the most insistent needs to the ones that receive attention only when all others are under control
Homeostasis
maintenance of an optimum level of biological conditions within an organism
human-relations approach(also known as Theory Y)
idea that employees like variety in their job, a sense of accomplishment, and a sense of responsibility
Incentive
stimuli that pull us toward an action
intrinsic motivation
a motivation based on the pleasure that the act itself provides
job burnout
long-lasting sense of mental and physical exhaustion and discouragement
mere measurement effect
phenomenon that estimating your probability of doing some desirable activity increases your probability of doing it
Motivation
process that determines the reinforcement value of an outcome
scientific-management approach(also known as Theory X)
view that most employees are lazy, indifferent, and uncreative, and that the job should be made simple and foolproof
self-actualization
achievement of one’s full potential
transactional leader
someone who tries to make an organization more efficient at doing what it is already doing by providing rewards (mainly pay) for effective work
