Ch 11: Drugs for the Respiratory System

Question 1

Respiratory System

Answer 1

consists of the organs that make it possible for blood to exchange glasses with air, the nose the pharynx,larynx,trachea, bronchi, and lungs. How the lifeline of the body,supplying a contiguous uninterrupted source of oxygen.

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

the exchange of gases between blood and air normal respiration in adults is 16-18 in children between 12-25

Question 3

Coughing

Answer 3

Protective reflexto clear the trachea, bronchi, and lungs of secretions, irritants such as pus,mucus, or fluid in the lungs, may be controlled or uncontrolled

Question 4

Sputum

Answer 4

Mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways, varies in color and consistency.

Question 5

Hoarseness

Answer 5

difficulty making sounds when trying to speak, abnormal growth on the larynxor infection in the throat.

Question 6

Wheezing

Answer 6

High pitched, musical sound occuring through a narrow pathway. Causes include asthma, bronchitis, or allergies

Question 7

Chest Pain

Answer 7

Angina: chest tightness, pain with deep breath,or stabbing of pain unexpectedly

Question 8

Abnormal Breathing

Answer 8

Dyspenea, Tachypenea, Apnea,Hyerpenea, Othorpenea

Question 9

Dyspnea

Answer 9

shortness of breath or labored breathing

Question 10

Tachypenea

Answer 10

rapid breathing

Question 11

Apnea

Answer 11

cessation of breathing

Question 12

Hyperpnea

Answer 12

hyper ventilation

Question 13

Orthopnea

Answer 13

difficulty breathing when lying down

Question 14

Pulse Oximetry

Answer 14

Probe is attached the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose

Question 15

Pneumonia

Answer 15

infections in the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli) caused by bacteria that normally live in the human body.

Question 16

Bronchitis

Answer 16

is an inflammation of the air passageways caused by irritants, allergic reactions, flu or viruses it can be acute or chronic

Question 17

Emphysema

Answer 17

is the results of enlargement and damage of alveolar sacs, reduce the surface of the alveoli sacsand limit the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 18

Bronchodiltors

Answer 18

expand the bronhioles and things the sputum making it easier to cough and promote coughing up sputum that is blocking the airways

Question 19

Pleurisy

Answer 19

inflammation in the linings of the lungs (pleura) and the lung cavities

Question 20

Asthma

Answer 20

airway obstruction, inflammation, and increased response to stimuli

Question 21

Peak Flow Meter

Answer 21

measures the the air flowing out of the lungs, blow forcefully into the device.

Question 22

Cancers of the Respiratory Tract

Answer 22

include cancers of the head and neck: Lung Cancer,

Question 22

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 22

is the most common complication found in hospitalized patients. starts with a thrombosis in the leg, this is why mobility in patients include sudden unexplained dyspenea, Tachypenea or tachycardia
Treat with anti coagulation medication

Question 23

Tuberculosis

Answer 23

infectious disease when coughing spreads rod shaped bacteria known as tuberele bacilli
Combination of drugs isoniazid, rifampin, streptomyacin, and ethambutol
respiratory isolation is required

Question 24

H1N1 (Swine flu)

Answer 24

respiratory disorder caused viruses that normally produce illness in pigs Symptoms:sever cough sore throat, headache chills, diarrhea, fatigue and vomiting

Question 25

Inflammations of the nose sinuses, and throat

Answer 25

Rhinitis, sinusitis, strep throat allergies are seasonal Rhinitis

Question 26

Nicotine Dependence

Answer 26

is a physical vulnerability to the chemical nicotine Nicoderm CQ, Nicorette, Habitrol, Nicotrol Inhaler, Nicotrol NS, Chantix Aventinor,Pamelor

Question 27

Antitussives

Answer 27

drugs that are cough suppressants, DImetapp DM

Question 28

Rebound effect

Answer 28

can occur when a decongestant is stopped after continued use when the drug effect wears off the mucus membranes swell even more than before

Question 29

Decongestsnts

Answer 29

vaso constrictors used for nasal congestion because they shrink engorged mucus membranes usually present in respiratory infections

Question 30

Antihistamines

Answer 30

are drugs are drugs that work against the effects of histamines, they are used for allergic conditions such as hay fever. shrink the bronchial muscles and vessels Allegra, Zyrtec, claratin, periactin

Question 31

Bronchodialators and Anti-Asthematics

Answer 31

cause the bronchioles to relax, usually in inhaled forms methylxanthine derivatives, are bronchiodilators DImetapp, Ornade, Aerobid

Question 32

Postural Drainage

Answer 32

place the patient where gravity help draw secretions from certain areas of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea

Question 33

Mucolytics

Answer 33

drugs that liquefy or break down tenacious mucous so that it can be couched up more easily

Question 33

Percussion

Answer 33

is another technique of dislodging fluid, striking the chest wall over the area being drained

Question 33

Nebulizer

Answer 33

a small machine used to convert drugs into a mist, that is able to travel deep into the lungs

Question 34

Hypoxia

Answer 34

Lack of oxygen requires oxygen therapy

Question 35

Direct Applications,Sprays, Nose Drops

Answer 35

drugs may be painted, sprayed, or dropped onto the mucous membrane of the nose mouth or throat

Question 36

ANTITUSSIVES

Question 37

Codine Oral Narcotic

Answer 37

Uses: Antitussive Actions: Suppresses cough, Schedule II controlled substance Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, palpations,drowsiness Dose:10-20 mg every 4-6 hrs, do not exceed 120mg in a 24-hr period

Question 38

Dextromethorphan (Mediquell,Benylin DM) Oral Nonnarcotic

Answer 38

Uses: Supression of unproductive cough or cough at bedtime Actions: inhibits cough reflex Side Effects: Drowsiness,dizziness,nausea, vomiting Dose: 10-20 mg every 4 hrs PRN

Question 39

Acetycysteine (mucomyst) inhalant

Answer 39

Uses: as ancillary therapy for patients with abnormal viscid (thick) mucous secretions Actions: lowers viscosity of mucous Side Effect: Stomatitus,nausea,vomiting, drowsiness, rhinorrhea Dose: 3-5 mL of a 20% solution, or 6-10 mL of a 10% solution

Question 40

Decongestants Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) Nasal Solution

Answer 40

Uses: Nasal Congestion Action: shrinks engorged mucousa membrane Side effects: burning, stinging, sneezing, dryness of nasal mucosa Dose:2-3 Sprays into each nostril bid for 3-5 days or 2-3 drops into each nostril bid for 3-5 days

Question 41

Anti histamines

Question 42

Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Oral

Answer 42

Uses: Seasonal allergic Rhinitis, due to ragweed, grass, tree pollens, dust mites, animal dander, and molds, chronic, idiopathic uritica Action: Potent H1-histamine receptorantagonistmild bronchodilator effect Side effect: Somnolence, dry mouth, fatigue, pharyngitis, dizziness Doses: 5-10 mg a day

Question 43

Fexofenadine (Allegra) Oral

Answer 43

Uses: Seasonal allergic Rhinitis, skin manifestations in idiopathic urticaria

Question 44

Promethazine Phenegran Oral

Question 45

Chlopheniramine Teldrin Oral