Ch 11 Flashcards
Audience analysis
Identifying and adapting your remarks to the most pertinent characteristics of your listeners
Audience purpose
You have a reason for speaking, and they have a reason for listening ie child birth classes for expecting parents
Demographics
Characteristics of your audience that can be categorized i.e. Age, gender, religion, etc. know who you’re speaking to and how to speak to them
Attitudes, beliefs, and values
Audience feelings about you, your subject, and your intentions
Attitude
How do your listeners feel about your subject?
Beliefs
Is your subject believable? (Dental hygiene, do they believe in it or do you need to convince them?)
Values
What does your audience value about your topic?
The occasion
Time, place, audience expectations
Time
Speeches given before yours can set the mood orrrr the time of life you’re in (child, college, parent) financial aid speech applies to college
Place
Stuffy room vs out doors, consider your surroundings
Audience expectations
Ted talks and college speeches are expected to be very educated, sixth grader not so much
Library catalog
Catalog of subjects, authors, and book titles
Reference works
Good for basic information, definitions, descriptions, etc. dictionaries and encyclopedias
Periodicals
Magazines, journals, newspapers. Good for up to date shit
Non print paterials
Audio and visual materials. Good source of high interest up to date shit
Data bases
Computerized collections of highly credible info from a wide variety of sources i.e. Lexis nexus
Interviewing
Research can help you wow info from expert pov or stimulate your own thinking and may save you hours of research
Survey research
The distribution of questionnaires fro ppl to respond to – can give you up to date answers concerning a specific audience
Facilitative communication apprehension
A moderate level of anxiety about speaking to an audience that helps improve speakers performance
Debilitative
Anxiety so intense that it ruins your speech performance
Things that cause debilitativeness
Bad previous experience, irrational thinking, catastrophic failure, fallacy (assuming it’ll be bad so it is bad), fallacy of perfection, fallacy of approval (you can’t please everyone, over generalization
Overcoming apprehension
Use nervousness to your advantage, understand difference between rational and irrational fears, maintain receiver orientation (concentrate on audience feeling rather than your own, positive attitude, being prepared
Extemporaneous speech
Planned in advance but presented in a direct spontaneous manner. Conversational in tone, makes audience feel like you’re talking directly to them
Impromptu speech
Given off the top of your head without preparation
Manuscript speech
Read word for word from a prepared script when you’re speaking for the record and legal proceedings
Memorized speech
Most difficult and least effective. They almost seem excessively formal. Practiceeere
Visual delivery
Appearance, movement, posture, facial expressions, eye contact
Auditory delivery
Volume, pitch, articulation, deletion (leaving off a part of a word), substitution (when you replace a part of a word with an incorrect sound), addition (adding extra parts to words), slurring
