Ch 11,13,14 Vocab

Question 0

True breeding

Answer 0

Producing offspring identical to themselves

Question 1

Fertilization

Answer 1

Make and female reproductive cells join

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

A specific characteristic

Question 3

Hybrids

Answer 3

The offspring crosses between parents with different traits

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

Chemical factors that determine traits

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

Different forms of a gene

Question 6

Segregation

Answer 6

Separation of alleles

Question 7

Gametes

Answer 7

Sex cells

Question 8

Probability

Answer 8

The likelihood that a particular event will occur

Question 9

Homozygous

Answer 9

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait

Question 10

Heterozygous

Answer 10

Organisms that have two different alleles for the trait

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Physical characteristics

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

Genetic makeup

Question 13

Independent assortment

Answer 13

Segregated independently

Question 14

Incomplete dominance

Answer 14

One allele is not completely dominant over the other

Question 15

Codominance

Answer 15

Both alleles contribute to the phenotype

Question 16

Multiple alleles

Answer 16

Genes having more than 2 alles

Question 17

Polygenic traits

Answer 17

A traits controlled by two or more genes

Question 18

Selective breeding

Answer 18

Only animals with desired characteristics to produce the next generation

Question 19

Hybridration

Answer 19

Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms

Question 20

Inbreeding

Answer 20

Continues breeding if individuals with similar characteristics

Question 21

Genetic Engineering

Answer 21

Making changes in the DNA code of living organisms

Question 22

Restriction enzymes

Answer 22

Cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides

Question 23

Gel electrophoresis

Answer 23

A mixture is DNA fragments places at one end of a porous gel

Question 24

Recombinant DNA

Answer 24

DNA molecules that are produced by combining DNA from different sources

Question 25

Transformation

Answer 25

A process of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria

Question 26

Plasmid

Answer 26

Small circular DNA

Question 27

Genetic maker

Answer 27

A gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carries that plasmid from those that don't

Question 28

Clone

Answer 28

A member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell

Question 29

Karyotype

Answer 29

A picture of chromosomes that arranged in groups of pairs

Question 30

Sex chromosomes

Answer 30

Chromosomes that determine an individuals sex

Question 31

Autosomes

Answer 31

The remaining chromosomes from the sexy chromosomes

Question 32

Pedigree

Answer 32

A chart that shows the relationships within a family

Question 33

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 33

A common genetic disease of having digestive problems and hart to breathe.

Question 34

Sickle cell

Answer 34

A common genetic disorder sound in the African Americans

Question 35

Sex linked gene

Answer 35

Inheritance for genes located on the X and Y chromosomes

Question 36

Nondisjunction

Answer 36

When the homologous chromosomes during meiosis fails to separate

Question 37

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 37

Identifies individuals. It analyzes sections if DN that have little or no known function but vary widt from one individual to another

Question 38

Gene therapy

Answer 38

An absent of daily gene is replaced by a normal working gene