Ch 10&11 Vocab Flashcards
Mitosis
First stage in cell division
Cell division
A cell divided forming two cells
Cytokinesis
Second stage, divisions if cytoplasm
Chromatids
Identicle chromosome that are tangled
Centromeres
An area where chromatids attached to
Interphase
“In-between” period of growth
Cell cycle
Series if events that cels go through as they grow and divide
G1 phase
A period of activity when cells do most of their growing
S phase
Chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of DNA molecules take place
G2 phase
Shortest of the three phases of interphase, organelles and molecules are produced
Centrioles
Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope, on the opposite sides of the nucleus
Prophase
First long phase of mitosis, chromosomes become visible
Spindle
Fanlike microtuble structure, helps separates chromosomes
Metaphase
2nd phase of mitosis, chromosomes line up across center of the cell
Anaphase
3rd phase, centromeres join the sister chromatids split
Telophase
4th pass of mitosis, chromosomes disperse into tangle of dense material
Cyclins
A protein that regulates the cell cycle
Homologous
Chromosomes have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent
Diploid
A cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosome
Haploid
A cell that contains only one set of chromosomes
Meiosis
Process of the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
Tetrad
A structure that contains 4 chromatids
Crossing over
Homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids
Gene map
Shows location of each gene on a chromosome
