Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Ch 11 > Flashcards

Ch 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hypoxia

A

abnormal reduction of oxygen delivery to body tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hypoxemia

A

abnormal reduction of oxygen content in the arterial blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subcutaneous Emphysema (Crepitus)

A

when air gets into tissues under the skin

bubbles underneath the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tripod Positioning

A

one sits or stands leaning forwards and supporting the upper body with hands on knees or on another surface

orthopneic position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing in any position other than an upright one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cyanosis

A

bluish-gray discoloration of skin and mucous membranes` caused by an excess of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Three-pillow Orthopnea

A

person needs to prop up with 3 pillows to relieve dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bronchial Breath Sounds

A

expected sounds heard over TRACHEA and area immediately above the manubrium of sternum (top of sternum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds

A

expected sounds heard over central area of anterior thorax around the STERNAL BORDER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vesicular Breath Sounds

A

should be heard throughout anterior thorax, including the apex of the lungs above the clavicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tachypnea

A

> 20 breaths/min; rapid breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bradypnea

A

< 12 breaths/min; abnormally slow breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cheynes-Stokes Respirations

A

rare, abnormal breathing pattern that can occur while awake but usually occurs during sleep

NEAR DEATH BREATHING PATTERN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Kussmaul Respirations

A

fast, deep breaths that occur in response to metabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stridor

A

harsh, high-pitched sound associated with breathing that is often caused by laryngeal or tracheal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Crackles

A

discontinuous bubbling sounds

FLUID IN SMALL AIRWAYS

can be fine or course

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Wheezes

A

whistle or rattling sound as result of obstruction in air passageway

NARROWING OF AIRWAYS OR OBSTRUCTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Rhonchi

A

wheezing heard after coughing in BRONCHI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Atelectasis

A

collapse of alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural spaces

signs vary depending on amount of lung collapse

with minor collapse: slightly short of breath, anxious, and have chest pain

with large amount of lung collapse: may be in severe respiratory distress, including dyspnea, tachypnea, and cyanosis

22
Q

Hemothorax

A

blood in the pleural spaces

23
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural space between the visceral and parietal pleurae

24
Q

Hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood or referring to bloody sputum

25
Q

Pleural Space

A

cavity that exists between lungs and underneath the chest wall

26
Q

Difficulty breathing when you sleep could be…

A

sleep apnea or proximal nocturnal dyspnea

27
Q

Shortness of breath can cause… What can help this?

A

anxiety; pursed lip breathing helps

28
Q

What are the accessory muscles that help with breathing?

A

diaphragm and intercostal muscles

29
Q

When is it common for atelectasis to occur?

A

after surgery (coming out of surgery/immobility)

30
Q

How do you document smoking?

A

pack years = years smoked x packs per day

31
Q

What are some examples of respiratory diseases that you can develop while travelling?

A

Histoplasmosis in Southeast and Midwest
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
COVID-19

32
Q

What are some commonly reported problems related to the lungs?

A

cough
shortness of breath
chest pain with breathing (could be pleuritis)

33
Q

What will sputum look like for a viral infection?

A

white/clear

34
Q

What will sputum look like for a bacterial infection?

A

green/yellow

35
Q

What should you inspect a pt for when examining respiratory system?

A

general appearance
posture
breathing effort
rate and quality
breathing pattern
chest expansion
nails, skin, and lips for color

36
Q

Dyspnea could cause…

A

finger clubbing
could have cyanosis
may look tired
may be in tripod position
may be using accessory muscles to breathe

37
Q

Anteroposterior to Lateral Diameter (A/P Diameter)

A

1:2 ratio

front and back are twice as wide as lateral chest

38
Q

Hyperpnea

A

deep breaths

39
Q

Hypopnea

A

shallow breaths

40
Q

Pleural Friction Rub

A

two inflammed pleural surfaces rub against each other

41
Q

Acute Shortness of Breath (immediate assessments)

A

RR >30
O2 Sat <92%
dyspnea
cyanosis
confusion
retractions (sinking in of chest cavity)
use of accessory muscles

42
Q

Where should you start auscultating the lungs when a pt presents with acute shortness of breath?

A

start with bases (bottom of lungs)
posterior first

43
Q

Normal presentation of Respiratory System

A

RR 12-20/min
regular pattern
good effort at rest
no complaints of shortness of breath
pink color
adequate capillary refill (<2 sec)
lung sounds clear
no use of accessory muscles
no dyspnea on exertion

44
Q

Symptoms of Hypoxia (RAT BED FINES)

A

early
R - restlessness
A - Anxiety
T - tachycardia/tachypnea

late
B - bradycardia
E - extreme restlessness
D - dyspnea (severe)

pediatrics
F - feeding difficulty
I - inspiratory stridor
N - nares flare
E - expiratory grunting
S - sternal retractions

45
Q

Acute Bronchitis

A

inflammation of mucous membranes of bronchial tree caused by viruses or bacteria

46
Q

Pneumonia

A

inflammation of terminal bronchioles and alveoli

may be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, mycoplasma, or aspiration of gastric secretions

47
Q

Asthma

A

hyperreactive airway disease characterized by bronchoconstriction, airway obstruction, inflammation

prolonged expiration, expiratory and occasionally inspiratory wheeze, and diminished breath sounds are common findings with auscultation

48
Q

Emphysema

A

destruction of alveolar walls that causes permanent abnormal enlargement of air spaces

49
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

hypersecretion of mucus by goblet cells of trachea and bronchi resulting in productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 successive years

caused by irritants such as cigarette smoke and air pollution or by infection

50
Q

Lung Cancer

A

uncontrolled growth of anaplastic cells in lung

agents such as tobacco smoke, asbestos, ionizing radiation, and other noxious inhalants can be causative agents

Health Assessment (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions