Ch 10: Prevention

Question 1

What are some examples of prevention and health promotion ads?

Answer 1

• partipaction- body break

- don’t put it in your mouth

Question 2

How are poverty and stress related?

Answer 2

• poverty is associated with an accumulation of stressors

Question 3

What is prevention based on?

Answer 3

• principle of early intervention

Question 4

How do psychologists play a role in prevention?

Answer 4

• often by program development, training, supervision and evaluation

Question 5

What are the three approaches to prevention?

Answer 5

• universal preventive interventions: entire population
• selective preventive interventions: people at elevated risk
• indicated preventive interventions: people at elevated risk and show subclinical signs

Question 6

How does WHO define mental heath promotion activities?

Answer 6

• those designed to increase well-being and resilience

- no universal definition of health

Question 7

What are predisposing risk factors?

Answer 7

• put someone at risk of developing mental health problems

Question 8

What are precipitating risk factors?

Answer 8

• factors that bring on mental health problems (poverty)

- the trigger

Question 9

What are perpetuating risk factors?

Answer 9

• factors that continue risk to occur

Question 10

What is number needed to treat?

Answer 10

• number of people who need to receive the intervention in order to prevent one person from developing the condition

Question 11

What are incidence rates?

Answer 11

• number of new cases of a specific problem

Question 12

What can effect program outcomes?

Answer 12

• program and participant characteristics can moderate prevention program outcomes

Question 13

What is an example of promoting evidence-based parenting?

Answer 13

• Home visiting programs
• nurses aided with concerns around pregnancy, delivery, self-care and child-care to low SES teens
• improved parental care, decreased child abuse, increase workforce participation and economic self-sufficiency

Question 14

What is an example of prevention of internalizing disorders?

Answer 14

• coping koala program
• delivered by teachers
• 50% reduction of anxiety disorders
• learn coping strategies, identify physical symptoms

Question 15

What is an example of prevention of substance abuse?

Answer 15

• programs should be sensitive to developmental stage

- early adolescents benefit from learning to adjust to social norms not refusal training like DARE

Question 16

What are common factors of successful programs?

Answer 16

• evidence-based
• promote simple principles
• multi-faceted, involving different components
• offered in convenient contexts
• stress importance of program fidelity
• developed as an expansion of an efficacious treatment intervention