Ch 1 Homeostasis Flashcards
Physiology is?
the study of how living organisms function
Homeostasis is?
- the maintenance of a stable internal environment
- detects and responds to changes in physiological variables
Hemostasis is?
- blood clotting
- blood clotting to cover broken vessels
Hematopoiesis is?
creation of new blood cells
What are the homeostasis physiological variables?
- developmental
- blood pressure
- body temp.
- blood gases (Oxygen)
- pH and acid-base balance
- water
(continuous process)
Homeostasis refers to physiological variables in a state of…
dynamic constancy
If homeostasis is maintained then?
it is called physiology or “physiologic state”
If homeostasis is not maintained then?
it is called pathophysiology
what is an example of dynamic constancy?
levels change over short periods of time but remain relatively constant over long periods of time
what is the cycle of homeostasis?
1) stimulus
2) receptor
3) control center
4) effector
a receptor is?
senses change in the body
what is an example of a receptor?
stretch receptors in the hearts or thermoreceptor
integrating control center is?
the process of sensory information and direct response
what is an example of an integrating receptor?
medulla oblongata and hypothalamus
an effector is?
cells or organs that carryout the final action
what is an example of an effector?
the heart and muscle
what are feedback loops?
closed feedback systems alter original changes that triggered them
what are the two possible types of feedback loops?
postive or negative
the afferent pathway is?
the receptor to integrating center
the efferent pathway is?
the integrating center to the effector
what type of feedback occurs when the body senses a change and “negates” or reverses it
negative feedback
positive feedback does what?
enhances the production of rapid changes
what are examples of positive feedback?
childbirth and blood clotting
feedforward regulation is?
a regulatory mechanism that anticipates a change in a variable
