Ch 1 Chronic And Acute Illness Flashcards
What are the general s/s of sudden illness?
- change in LOR
- Vertigo (sense of spinning when not moving)
- generalize weakness
- nausea and/ or vomitting
- looks and/ or feels ill without trauma
- Changes in respiration, pulse, skin characteristics
What is syncope?
The brain is suddenly deprived of its normal blood flow and momentarily shuts down.
What are causes of syncope?
Pain
Emotional shock
Decrease BP
Pinched blood vessel in the neck
Decreased blood flow to the brain
Decreased in blood sugar
Certain medications
Prolonged standing
Heat exposure
OverexertionMedical condition
S/s of syncope
Lightheaded or dizzy
Appears Ill / feels Ill
Numbness and tingling in the fingers and or toes
Pale, cool, clammy skin
Altered LOR
Increase respiration and oulse
How would you treat syncope
Place in supine
Secure airway
Gain information from bystanders
Often resolves its self quickly
What is diabetes mellitus?
What is the function of insulin?
- The body either fails to produce insulin or does not use it effectively.
- transport glucose from the blood to cells
- forces the liver and muscles to store sugar
What are the 2 types of diabetes, and how do they work?
- Insulin dependent
- body does not produce enough insulin
- Generally born with it. - Insulin dependent or non- insulin dependent
- does not produce insulin properly.
Hypoglycemia is?
Hyperglycaemia is?
Low blood sugar level
High blood sugar lever
What is MOI for hypoglycemia?
Too much insulin
Failing to eat right
Over exercising
Emotional stress
What is hyperglycaemia?
Their is not enough insulin in the body
Prevents glucose from transferring into the body cells.
What are sis for diabetes?
Change in LOR
Dizziness, confusion, drowsiness
Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
Tachycardia (rapid pulse)
Feeling & looking ill
What is a general overview of seizure?
What can cause seizures?
Abnormal electrical brain activity
Temporary change in movement, function, and behavior
Injury
Disease
Fever
Infection
Metabolic disturbances
Decrease in o2 levels
What are the 5 types of seizures?
Generalized (grand mal)
Partial
Absence (petit mal)
Febrile
Status epilepticus
What are s/s of generalized seizures?
Loss of responsiveness
Convulsion
Irregular breathing of respiratory arrest
Drooling
Eyes roll backwards
Lass of bladder and bowel control
What is a generalized seizure?
Involves both hemisphere of the brain.
Normally results in loss of responsiveness
Lasts about 1-3 minutes
What are the 4 phases of generalized seizures?
Aura
- person knows a seizure is coming very soon.
Tonic
- unconscious then muscle rigidity
Clonic
- uncontrollable muscle contractions (convulsions)
Postictal
- recovery period, confusion, exhaustion, unpredictable
Overview of partial seizures?
- Simple or complex
- involves small area of one side of the hemisphere of the brain.
- most common for people with epilepsy.
- can became a generalized beizude.
What are simple and complex seizures
Simple
- person normally remains aware and remembers everything
- involuntary muscle contractions one of the body.
- may not be able to speak or move
Complex
- lost or impair awareness while person is conscious
- blank stave fallowed by random movements.
- confused after and don’t remember anything.
what is an Absence seizure (petit Mal)?
- The person can be day dreaming.
- Thought as a non-convulsive seizure.
- normally last a few seconds.
- most common in children.
what are s/s of a absence seizure?
- brief, sudden loss of awareness or conscious activity.
- blank stare
- minor myoclonic jerks. (eye fluttering or chewing movements.)
what are febrile seizures?
- seizures that happen in someone who is typically less than 5 or infants.
- brought on by a rapid increase in body temperature.
- often causes ear, throat or digestive-system infections.
list the s/s of a febrile seizure?
- sudden increase in body temp
- LOR change
- loss of bladder control or bowel control
- confusion, drowsiness, hold breath.
what are status epileptics seizures?
- is a seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes.
- a series of seizures that last longer than 5 minutes in which the person does not regain normal responsiveness.
how do you treat/care for someone that is having a seizure?
- protect yourself.
- no fingers in mouth let the person regain full normal consciousness. - protect the patient.
- make sure their is nothing close to them in which they can hurt themselves with (hitting their head on concrete.)
- protect the persons privacy from by standers. - protect the airway.
- try and get the person into recovery position before anything happens, UNLESS SMR is indicated then do not touch the patient when they start having a seizure.
