Ch 09: Bleeding Flashcards

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1
Q

Hemorrhage

A

A large amount of bleeding occurring in a short time

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2
Q

Blood Facts

A

8% of body mass

5L

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3
Q

Blood Components

A

Plasma
Platelets
Leukocytes
Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Leukocyte

A

White Blood Cell

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5
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red Blood Cell

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6
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Severe External Bleeding

A
  • Blood spurting or flowing freely from a wound

- Blood that fails to clot after measures to control bleeding

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7
Q

Care for Severe External Bleeding

A
  • Using a gloved hand, apply direct pressure with a sterile dressing
  • Patient in comfortable position and resting
  • Snugly apply a pressure bandage around the dressing
  • Do not remove the first few layers of dressing to avoid peeling off any clotting
  • If bleeding continues, apply a tourniquet
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8
Q

Tourniquet

A

A tight band placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels enough to stop blood flow

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9
Q

How to Apply A Tourniquet

A
  • Asses distal circulation
  • Apply tourniquet 5 - 10 cm (2-4 inches) above the injury, and above any joint in range
  • Document the time it was applied, and any times it was tightened or released
  • Reasses distal circulation

-If using a blood pressure cuff, inflate to approximately 30 mmHg above systolic blood pressure

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10
Q

Internal Bleeding

A

The escape of blood from arteries, veins of capillaries into spaces in the body.

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11
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Internal Bleeding

A
  • Discoloration of the skin; Contusions
  • Soft tissues are tender, swollen or firm
  • Anxious or restless
  • Tachycardia that is weak
  • Tachypnea
  • Skin is cool or moist with cyanosis
  • Nausea / Vomiting
  • Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia)
  • Declining LOC
  • Hypotension
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12
Q

Care for Internal Bleeding

A

Mild:
-Apply cold to the area

Severe:

  • Patient in position of comfort with legs slightly elevated
  • Administer Oxygen
  • Advanced medical care
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