Ch 01 - Intro to Motivation & Emotion

Question 1

To be induced or moved into action or thought by a motive or incentive.

Answer 1

motivation

Question 2

A person’s internal disposition to approach positive incentives (or avoid negative incentives).

Push

Answer 2

motive

Question 3

The anticipated reward (or avoidance of an aversive event).

Pull.

Answer 3

incentive

Question 4

In the push/pull model of motivation:
Hunger __ a person toward food; hunger represents the person’s internal __ and __ their actions.
Food __ a person towards it; food represents the __ in the environment.

Answer 4

pushes; disposition; motivates

pulls; incentive

Question 5

This is capable of inducing involuntary behavior.

Answer 5

external environmental stimuli

Question 6

This behavior shows a uniform relationship between stimulus and response.

The response follows the stimulus __.

Answer 6

Involuntary;

immediately.

Question 7

This behavior does not necessarily occur immediately following an internal stimulus.

Desire, want and wish.

Answer 7

voluntary

Question 8

In terms of energy for behavior, what two environmental stimuli serve as sources of motivation? Two internal stimuli?

Both categories serve a sources of ___.

Answer 8

incentives and goals
psychological and neurophysiological needs

motivation.

Question 9

Three factors necessary for an event to be realized include:

(1) __ of how to perform a behavior, the ability to evaluate environmental incentives, and the goal of behavior to influence outcomes.
(2) __: implies that one is able to perform the desired behavior needed to achieve the end result.
(3) __: initiation of action.

Answer 9

knowledge

competence

motivation

Question 10

Using surfing as an example, in order for an event to be realized (going surfing), one must:

(1) __ how to surf, __ how to evaluate conditions suitable for surfing, and set the __ of getting to the beach;
(2) they have to be __ in order to perform the action;
(3) they have to be __ to get up and go to the beach (__ the action).

Answer 10

Knowledge/know; know; goal

competent

motivated; initiate

Question 11

Realization of an event can be described using a __; if any of the three pieces is missing (__, __, and __), there is no __ - thus the event is NOT realized.

Answer 11

triangle;
knowledge, competence; and motivation;
triangle

Question 12

List the 4 sources of motivation.

Answer 12

Genetic history, personal history, physiological and neurological factors, and psychological variables.

Question 13

The four sources of motivation are:

(1) __ history - traits with an evolutionary basis for survival of the species
(2) __ history - past experiences that begin at __; included is the law of __ contrasts which dictates the pleasantness of stimuli based on previous experience to similar stimuli
(3) __ and __ factors - desires are reflective of mental activity that have corresponding brain processes.
(4) __ variables - personality traits influence likes and dislikes (extroverts v. introverts).

Answer 13

Genetic

Personal;
conception;
hedonic

Physiological and neurological;

Psychological

Question 14

There is an interaction between __ and __ origins of motivation.

Answer 14

internal and environmental

Question 15

You chose to go to work so that you can receive pay, and you go on time and do a good job so you don’t get fired. After showing up on time and doing a good job, you get your paycheck, and you don’t get fired.

Define the motivation sequence in the example above.

Answer 15

1. Choice – choose to go to work.
2. Instrumental behaviors (achieve motive satisfaction) – you go on time and do a good job.
3. Consummatory behavior – your reward for instrumental behavior is you get paid and you didn’t get fired.

Question 16

The sequence of motivation starts with a __ that is made; then __ behaviors are engaged to achieve motive satisfaction; and finally __ behavior is the experience of a reward (or avoiding aversive events).

Answer 16

choice;
instrumental;
consummatory

Question 17

__ also serves as an origin of motivation. It predisposes one to act in a manner that is consistent with that __.

For example, if you are in a good mood and someone spills a drink on you, you might __. On the contrary, if you’re in a bad mood and experience the same stimulus, you’re likely to feel __.

Answer 17

emotion; emotion

laugh
angry