Cerebrovascular Anatomy

Question 1

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Answer 1

supplies medial surface of frontal lobe, parietal lobes, and anterior 4/5 of corpus callosum frontal, prefrontal, supplementary motor cortex, as well as parts of the primary motor and primary sensory cortex

Question 2

Middle cerebral artery (MCA)

Answer 2

supplies the lateral surface of cerebral hemisphere, except the superior part of the frontal and parietal lobe, and inferior part of temporal lobes supplies lateral aspect of frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes and basal ganglia MCA occlusion occur: superficial and deep (lateral lenticulostriate) when superficial divisions obstructed: - major motor and somatosensory deficits from face and arm - confluent (broca’s) aphasia - fluent (wernicke’s) aphasia

Question 3

posterior cerebral artery

Answer 3

supplies occipital lobes, inferior part of the temporal lobes, upper midbrain and cerebellum

Question 4

occlusion of ACA causes

Answer 4

restricted contralateral motor and somatosensory deficits of the lower extremity (due to somatotropin arrangement)

Question 5

MCA deep branches (perforating arteries)

Answer 5

lateral lenticulostriate arteries

Question 6

lateral lenticulostriate arteries supplies and obstruction

Answer 6

supplies more superior portions of inertial capsule, and basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, globes pallidus) obstruction of deep branches of MCA: - contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss affecting face, upper limb and lower limp (lesser) due to damage to basal ganglia

Question 7

anterior perforating arteries

Answer 7

anterior cerebral artery anterior communicating artery middle cerebral artery

Question 8

anterior perforating arteries supply

Answer 8

large of basal ganglia optic chiasma internal capsule hypothalamus

Question 9

posterior perforating arteries

Answer 9

posterior cerebral artery posterior communicating artery

Question 10

posterior perforating arteries supply

Answer 10

ventral portion of midbrain parts of sub thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 11

perforating arteries

Answer 11

lenticulostriates thalmoperforators

Question 12

lenticulostriates

Answer 12

medial and lateral enter anterior perforated substance of brain to supply basal ganglia and internal capsule thalmoperforators supply thalamus

Question 13

Majority of basal ganglia are supplied by

Answer 13

MCA perforators

Question 14

vertebral arteries branches

Answer 14

anterior spinal artery posterior spinal artery posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

Question 15

Basilar artery branches

Answer 15

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). anastomose with PICA labyrinthine artery (inner ear) pontine branches superior cerebellar artery (SCA)

Question 16

PCA supplies and an occlusion results in

Answer 16

supplies the occipital lobe, the inferior part of the temporal lobe, and deep structures like thalamus and internal capsule

Occlusion of PCA result in:

• Contralateral hemianopia due to damage to visual cortex in the occipital lobe
• Contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss due to disruption of the ascending and descending information passing through these structures

Question 17

superficial veins

Answer 17

vein of trolard (largest, drain into superior sagittal sinus)

vein of Labbe (drain into transverse sinus)

Question 18

Deep veins

Answer 18

Thalamostriate veins

internal cerebral veins

great cerebral vein (of galen)

Question 19

superficial middle cerebral vein drain into

Answer 19

cavernous sinus

Question 20

superior anastomotic vein (of trolard) connects

Answer 20

superficial middle cerebral vein with superior sagittal sinus

Question 21

inferior anastomotic vein (of labbe) connects the s

Answer 21

superficial middle cererbral vein with transverse sinus

Question 22

arterial supply of spine

Answer 22

anterior and posterior spinal arteries

branches of segmental arteries

Question 23

region more vulnerable to ischemia

Answer 23

thoracic and lumbar segments have fewer (2-4) arteries

Question 24

artery of adamkiewicz

Answer 24

large anterior radicular artery at the level of T12-L2, major source of blood to the lower thoracic and upper lumbar cord and must be preserved during surgery in the area.