Cerebral Pathways & Disorders Flashcards
Paying no attention to one side of the body is termed…?
Hemispatial neglect
Vision, perception, and memory are associated with what brain hemisphere?
Generally, right hemisphere
Language and language-dependent memory are associated with what brain hemisphere?
Left hemisphere for most people
True/False. An acute MCA stroke involving a hemisphere may demonstrate hemispheric neglect of the contralateral side.
True. But this is usually transient and resolves in 2-3 weeks
Expressive aphasia is due to damage to what area of the brain?
Broca’s region in the inferior frontal gyrus. The person can comprehend and interpret language, but cannot produce speech
Damage to Wernicke’s region in the superior temporal gyrus causes what disorder?
Receptive aphasia - the person can produce language, but has difficulty finding the right words
Extensive damage to the brain that causes loss of language comprehension and expression is termed?
Global aphasia
What is it called when a patient can comprehend and produce speech, but cannot use the correct names for people, objects, etc.?
Anomic or amnesia aphasia
The arcuate fasciculus connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas. Damage here causes what disorder?
Conduction aphasia - the inability to repeat words or phrases
What structure allows the nondominant hemisphere to participate in language?
Corpus callosum
What symptoms are associated with an upper motor neuron deficit?
Spastic weakness, no muscle atrophy, hyperreflexia, babinski’s sign
What symptoms are associated with a lower motor neuron deficit?
Flaccid weakness, muscle atrophy, fasciculations, hyporeflexia, absent babinski’s reflex
Weakness and aphasia are most associated with a (cortical/subcortical) lesion.
Cortical lesion
Motor functioning for the legs are spared in this type of brain lesion.
Cortical lesion
What vision deficits are present with a cortical lesion?
None, unless the occipital lobe is directly involved. Subcortical lesions include visual deficits