Cerebral Palsy - Neuro Path Flashcards
what is the most common cerebral palsy
spastic
- stiff muscles
- legs and or arms, one or both sides of body
what is spastic hemiplegia
arm/hand on one side of body
can include leg
delayed walking
speech can be delayed
generally intelligence is not impacted
what is spastic diplegia/diparesis
affects B legs more than arms
tendon reflexes in legs will be hyperactive
likely needs AD
what is spastic quadriplegia
most severe
UE and LE impacted
mod-severe intellectual disability
walking uncommon
what is the neuropathology for cerebral palsy
damage to white matter of brain
abnormal development of the brain
bleeding in brain
lack of O2
(T/F) in the perinatal stage, babies with cerebral palsy have a low birth weight
true - less than 3.86lbs
what are the common causes of CP
periventricular leukomalacia
intraventricular hemorrhage
hypoxia ischemic encephalopothy
what is periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)
impacts the white matter around ventricles due to lack of O2
what is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
bleeding into the ventricles
- located underneath the ventricles
common in infacts that are premature and very low birth weight
fragile BBB
what is hypoxic ischemic encephalopothy (HIE)
O2 deprivation resulting in hypoxic brain injury
- decreased perfusion resulting from systemic hypotensuion and poor autoregulation of cerebral blood flow
emboli and/or thrombosis
what are the clinical manifestations of CP
muscle tone affect a person’s ability to control movement
poor selective control of muscles
poor regulation of activity and muscle groups
inappropriate sequencing
delayed postural response
what are the clinical manifestation of muscle changes of CP
decreased number of sarcomeres per muscle fiber
increases in fat and fibrous tissue and decrease in blood flow
what is kernicterus (bilirubin encephalopathy)
acquired metabolic encephalopathy of the neonatal period
caused by unconjugated bilirubin in the blood
unbound, unconjugated, circulating bilirubin crosses the BBB
