Brodmann Areas Quiz 3 Flashcards
Frontal Lobe primary motor cortex
Dedicated to ACTIVATING muscles of each region of the body
-face
- neck
- trunk
- pelvis
- upper limbs
- lower limbs
Premotor cortex and supplementary motor area
Responsible for planning and sequencing movement
Brodmann area 4
Primary Motor Cortex
Location: frontal lobe precentral gyrus
Function: ACTIVATES/controls voluntary fine motor movements of contralateral side of body
Blood supply:
- Superior MCA = lateral region
- ACA = medial region
Lesion to BA 4
Contralateral hemiplegia/paresis
- loss of voluntary fine motor movements on contralateral side of body
Lesion to BA 4 superior MCA
Contralateral hemiplegia of lower face and upper extremities
Lesion to BA 4 ACA
Contralateral hemiplegia on lower extremities
Brodmann Area 6 (lateral region)
Premotor Cortex
Location: frontal lobe
Function: PLANS complex voluntary fine motor movements and sends motor plans to the primary motor area
Blood supply: Superior MCA
Lesion BA 6 (lateral region)
Apraxia
- unable to perform learned skilled voluntary movements
- inability to generate and send the plan/sequence to motor cortex activation
- inability to understand the concept of how to perform the movement
Ideomotor apraxia
BA 6 lateral region
- unable to perform action when asked but may randomly be able to perform the activity at a different time
- “ you can complete the task but not when directly asked”
Ideational apraxia
BA 6 Lateral region
- no idea of what needs to be done
- resulting in use of wrong tools and wrong sequencing
- example: Ariel uses a fork
Brodmann Area 6 (medial region)
Supplementary Motor Area
Location: frontal lobe medial surface
Function: plans (VISUALIZATION) complex sequences of voluntary fine motor movements (SPORTS)
-Micturition
Blood Supply: ACA
Lesion to BA 6 (medial region)
Incontinence
Difficulty with movement sequence and planning
Brodmann area 8
Frontal eye field
Location: frontal lobe
Function: HORIZONTAL conjugate gaze/eye movements to OPPOSITE direction
Blood Supply: superior MCA
Lesion to BA 8
Horizontal gaze palsy
- eyes cannot look to the side of the opposite lesion
- eyes deviate to the same side (IPSILATERAL) of the lesion
Broca’s Area (BA 44/45)
Dominant Hemisphere
Function : MOTOR PRODUCTION of linguistics
Blood Supply: superior MCA
Lesion to Broca’s Area
Broca’s aphasia - inability to produce the linguistic components of verbal communication
- “can comprehend language but can’t speak”
- non-fluent aphasia
Brodmann Area 44/45
Non-dominant hemisphere
Function: MOTOR production of non linguistics (intonation)
Blood supply: superior MCA
Lesion to BA 44/45
Motor dysprosodia - inability to produce intonation
- flat monotone manner
What are association areas?
Responsible for higher order interpretation and responses
Brodmann Areas 39, 40, 7
Posterior Association Area
Location: lateral/inferior temporal lobe
Function: higher order understanding of sensory info from auditory, visual, somatosensory
Blood supply: Inferior MCA
Lesion to dominant hemisphere posterior association area
- agraphia - inability to communicate through writing
- alexia or acquired dyslexia
- Wernicke’s aphasia
- maybe apraxia
- difficulty directing attention on past and future task
- R/L orientation impairment
- finger/toe agnosia
- acalculia
- Gerstmann’s syndrome - spares linguistic comprehension
non-dominant hemisphere posterior association area
- non linguistic
- being in the moment
- understanding where the body + objects are in relation to environment
- nonlinear, creative, artistic, divergent thinking
-music, gestures, tone - awareness to R/L side of body
- drawing/images
- big picture
Lesion to non dominant posterior association area
- sensory dysprosodia
- inability spatial relationships
- constructional apraxia - inability to draw, build, or assemble 3D objects
- loss of creativity and non linear thinking
- left sided neglect
- anosognosia - lack of awareness
Brodmann areas 9,10,11, 46, 47
Anterior Association Areas or prefrontal lobe
