Cerebellum Flashcards
little brain
cerebellum
cerebellar nuclei
fastigial
interposed
dentate
3 large fiber tracts that attache to the cerebrum
more fibers project into cerebellum than exit (good at processing info)
peduncles
largely input peduncle
inferior
input only peduncle
middle
largely output peduncle
superior
layers of cerebellar cortex
purkinje cells (output) climbing and mossy fibers (input)
climbing fibers synapse directly on
purkinje cells
what excites purkinje fibers
parallel fibers and climbing fibers
climbing fibers and purkinjes fiber relationship
c teach p how to respond to particular patterns of parallel fiver inputs
purkinje cells outpus to cerebellar nuclei is
inhibitory
primary cell=
purkinje fibers
each purkinje fiber recieves weak input from many
parallel fibers
each purkinje fiber recieves strong input from one
climbing fiber
climbing fibers strongly influence the function of the
purkinje fibers (teach)
balance feedback and feedforward info sensory info integrated into movments timing motor learning
cerebellar functions
vestibulocerebellum (flocculonodular) func
balance (help maintain)
spinocerbellum (vermis and paravermis/medial hemisphere) func
afferent info from body about position
posture
peripheral afferent from body
cerebrocerebellum (lateral hemisphere) func
speaks to the cortex
higher level processing
learning
goals
descending tracts of the vestibulocerebellum
control extension and proximal muscles
important for postural control and balance, also coordinates eye and head movements
descending tracts of the spinocerebellum
paravermal section primarily influence limb movement
input tot he paravermal section
projections from motor cortex and spinal cord
output to the paravermal section
via interposed n. through VL/VA to M1 and red n.
compares commands from motor cortex with actual position and velocity of moving pars and can issue correcting signals
func of the paravermal section
descending tracts of the cerebrocerebellum
lateral hemisphere
input to the lateral hemisphere
via pontine n. from widespread areas of cerebral cortex
output to the lateral hemisphere
via dentate and VL to premotor and motor cortex
involved in planning and programming of voluntary, learned, skillful, movement via influencing output of motor cortex
lateral hemisphere func
cerebellum affects ____ limb function
ipsilateral
where does the cerebellum cross
crosses in contralateral cortex and again in descending tracts
balance disorders
ataxia
pt maintains full control of limbs when supine
damage of vertibulocerebellum and vermis
loss of eye control
difficulty with pursuit eye movments or making accurate voluntary eye movements
damage of vestibulocerebellum
damage to _____ of spinocerebellum disrupts accurate execution of movements
paravermis
reduces activity of corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts
disrupts the accuracy of reaching movements because of inceased error in timing components of movements
damage to paravermis of spinocerebellum, cerebellum
poor coordination joints
ataxia
correction of error
intention temor
reflex disruption
pendular reflex
result in errors in movement timing and delays in initiating movements
- disrupted sequential movements
- timing func not limited to motor events
lesions to lateral cerebellar hemispheres
info about how a behavior was accomplished
feedback
prediction about what is coming
feedforward
goes to ventral anterior and ventral leteral nucleus of the thalamus before heading to the cortex
output of the basal ganglia
goes to ventral lateral and ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus before heading to the cortes
output of the cerebellum
lateral hemisphere is associated with
word association learning
silent reading
pegboard puzzle solving
2 loops of cerebrocerebellum
to thalamus to premotor and primary motor areas
to red nucleus to inferior olivaryn and back to cerebellum forming feedback loop
support mental rehersal of movements
incorporation of error related feedback into up coming movement during motor learning
paravermis (medial hemisphere
important in acquiring and processing sensory info for tasks requiring complex spatial and temporal judgments
dentate
after cerebellar stroke, individuals cannot
adapt performance according to environment
