Central Nervous System Flashcards
What is Temazepam?
A compound of benzodiazepine
Hypnotic (sleep-inducing)
Anxiolytic (reduces anxiety)
Short acting
What does Temazepam do?
Affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced
What does Temazepam treat?
Insomnia and anxiety
What is Diazepam?
A benzodiazepines
What does Diazepam act as?
A tranquillising muscle- relaxant drug
What does Diazepam treat?
Anxiety also is a anticonvulsant (anti-seizure)
What do Tricyclic antidepressants do?
Blocks uptake of amine by nerve terminals, by competition for binding site
Inhibits Noradrenaline and 5-HT (Serotonin) uptake thus increasing there levels
What does Tricyclic antidepressants treat?
Depression and anxiety
What are two examples of Tricyclic antidepressants?
imipramine, desipramine
What are SSRIs?
Selective serotonin reuptake ihnbitors
What do SSRIs treat?
Depression , anxiety
What do SSRIs do?
Increases extracellular levels of serotonin by inhibiting its reabsorption into presynaptic cell
What are two examples of SSRIs?
Fluoxetine, paroxetine
What does Venlafaxine do?
5-HT and Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
Increases concentrations of neurotransmitters serotonin and noradrenaline
What does Venlafaxine treat?
Major depression, anxiety, panic disorder and social phobia
What is paracetamol?
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
What does paracetamol act as?
A analgesic (pain killer)
What does paracetamol treat?
Painful inflammatory conditions and reduce fever (antipyretic), minor aches and pains e.g. headaches
What is Buprenorphine?
A opioid partial agonist
Agonist-antagonist opioid receptor modulator
What does Buprenorphine treat?
Produces mild withdrawal symptoms in patients dependent on other opioids, acute and chronic pain
What does Buprenorphine do?
Binds to opioid receptors
What is Codeine?
A opioid pain medication
What does codeine act as?
A antitussive ( cough suppressant)
What does codeine treat?
Mild pain e.g. headaches , backaches
What is Carbamazepine?
A anticonuvalsant
What does Carbamazepine do?
Decreases nerve impulses that cause seizures and pain
Blocks voltage-gated Na+ channelshat does
What does Carbamazepine treat?
Seizures- antiepileptic, bipolar depression
What is Lamotrigine?
A anticonuvlsant
What does Lamotrigine do?
Acts on sodium channels and possibly calcium channels and inhibits the release of excitatory amino acids
What does Lamotrigine treat?
Seizures and bipolar depression
What does Phenytoin do?
Reduces intensity and duration of seizures
What is Phenytoin?
A anticonvulsant
What does Phenytoin treat?
Seizures (not for absence seizures)
What is Sodium Valproate?
A anticonvulsant
What does Sodium Valproate treat?
A wide range of seizures and bipolar depression
What does Sodium Valproate do?
Inhibits sodium channels
Effective against absence seizures as it increases T-type calcium channels
Increases GABA in the brain and inhibits GABA transaminase and succinic seminal dehyde dehydrogenase (enzymes that break down GABA)
What does Nicotine replacement therapy do?
Reduce cravings and physical withdrawal symptoms
What does nicotine replacement therapy treat?
Nicotine addictions in smokers
What are two examples of nicotine replacement therapy?
bupropion, varenicline
What does varenicline do?
Blocks pleasurable effects of smoking so helps to decrease your desire to smoke
What does varenicline treat?
Nicotine addictions
What is varenicline?
A nAChR partial agonist
What is Methadone?
A opioid medicine
What does Methadone treat?
Treats opiate additions and relieves pain
What does Methadone do?
Reduces withdrawals symptoms in addictions
