Cardiovascular Flashcards
What is Digoxin?
Cardiac glycoside
What does Digoxin do?
Increases myocardial contraction
What does Digoxin treat?
Heart failure- symptomatic {not first choice}
What is Indapamide?
Thiazide related diuretic acting on the distal tubule
What does Indapamide treat?
Uncomplicated hypertension
What do Loop diuretic?
Block Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter that is present in the loop of Henle
What do loop diuretics treat?
Acute pulmonary oedema, chronic heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, nephrotic syndrome, renal failure
What are two examples of loop diuretic?
furosemide, bumetanide
What do potassium sparing diuretics do?
prevent K+ loss- hypokalaemia
What does potassium sparing diuretics treat?
Heart failure, primary hyperaldosteronisum, resistant essential hypertension, secondary hyperaldosteronism
What are two examples of potassium sparing diuretics?
spironolactone , eplerenone
What does Amiodarone do?
Supressing dysrhythmias (antiarrhythmic)
What does Aminodarone treat?
Tachycardia, supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias
What do Beta- adrenoceptor blockers do?
Reduce blood pressure
Block adrenaline by competing for binding site
What does Beta-adrenoceptor blockers treat?
High blood pressure
Angina pectoris
Arrhythmias
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
What are two examples of Beta- adrenoceptor blockers?
metoprolol, propranolol
What does Doxazosin do?
Relaxes veins and arteries
What is Doxazosin?
Alpha 1-adrenoceptor anatgonist
What does Doxazosin treat?
Hypertension and symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy
What do ACE inhibitors do?
Reduce amounts of angiotensin II (which causes blood vessels to dilate)
Reduces water put back into blood
Blocks an enzyme
What are ACE inhibitors?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhbitors
What do ACE inhibitors treat?
Hypertension, heart failure
What are two examples of ACE inhibitors?
Captopril, Enalapril
What do angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists do?
Block action of angiotensin II
What does angiotensin-II-receptors treat?
Hypertension, heart failure
What is a example of a angiotensin-II-receptor antagonist?
Valsaptan
What does Glyceryl trinitrate do?
Relaxes blood vessels
What does Glycerol trinitrate treat?
Reduction and severity of angina attacks, heart failure
What does Isosobride mononitrate do?
dilate blood vessels
What does Isosobride mononitrate treat?
Angina, chronic heart failure, relaxation of other smooth muscles
What is Amlodipine?
A calcium channel blocker
What does Amlodipine do?
Relaxes (widens) blood vessels
What does Amlodipine treat?
Hypertension, angina, other conditions of coronary artery disease
What is Diltiazem?
Vasodilator, calcium channel blocker
What does Diltiazem treat?
Angina, high blood pressure, certain heart rhythm disorders
What is Verapamil?
A calcium antagonist
What does Verapamil treat?
Angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias
What is heparin/ low molecular weight heparins?
Anticoagulants (reduce blood clots)
What di heparin/low molecular weight heparin treat?
Deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism myocardial infarction
What are two examples of heparin/low molecular weight heparin?
enoxaparin, dalteparin
What is Warfarin?
A anticoagulant, Vitamin K antagonist
What does Warfarin do?
Competes for reductase enzyme
What does Warfarin treat?
Heart attacks, strokes, blood clots
What is aspirin?
A antiplatelet
What does aspirin aim to treat?
Reduces risk of thrombosis
What is Clopidogrel?
A antiplatelet
What does Clopidogrel aim to treat?
Aims to reduce risk of blood clots
What is Simvastatin?
A cholesterol (LDL) lowering medicine
What does Simvastatin do?
Blocks production of cholesterol
What does Simvastatin treat?
High cholesterol and reduce risk of heart disease
