Cellular Respiration

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

A short-term storage form for energy

Question 2

Phosphorylation

Answer 2

Adding phosphates to ADP

Question 3

How ATP Releases Energy

Answer 3

A phosphate is ripped off, releasing the energy and turning it into ADP

Question 4

Eukaryotes

Answer 4

Organisms that do aerobic respiration (need oxygen)

Question 5

Things Needed for Aerobic Respiration

Answer 5

Glucose and 6 oxygens

Question 6

Things Produced by Aerobic Respiration

Answer 6

6 CO2s, 6H2Os, 36 ATP

Question 7

Prokaryotes

Answer 7

Organisms that do anaerobic respiration (no oxygen)(only bacteria)

Question 8

Things Needed for Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 8

Glucose

Question 9

Things Produced by Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 9

Lactic acid or ethyl alcohol and CO2, 2 ATP

Question 10

Oxidation

Answer 10

When a molecule loses electrons or H atoms

Question 11

Reduction

Answer 11

When a molecule gains electrons or H atoms

Question 12

NAD+ / FAD

Answer 12

H acceptors (they work like taxis)

Question 13

Isomer

Answer 13

Two molecules with the same chemical makeup but different structures

Question 14

Isomerases

Answer 14

Enzymes that turn molecules into an isomer

Question 15

Dehydrogenase

Answer 15

Remove hydrogens to FAD/NAD+

Question 16

Hydrogenases

Answer 16

Add hydrogens to FAD/NAD+

Question 17

Kinases

Answer 17

Add phosphate groups to ADP

Question 18

Phosphatases

Answer 18

Take away a phosphate group from ATP

Question 19

Glycolysis

Answer 19

Splitting glucose in the cytoplasm into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Question 20

Things Needed for Glycolysis

Answer 20

One glucose and two ATP

Question 21

Things Made During Glycolysis

Answer 21

2 NADH, 4 ATP, 2 H2O, 2 molecules of pyruvic acid

Question 22

Fermentation

Answer 22

Prokaryotes/muscles way of using pyruvic acid

Question 23

Yeast and Bacteria Fermentation

Answer 23

Makes ethyl alcohol

Question 24

Bacteria and Muscle Fatigue Fermentation

Answer 24

Makes lactic acid

Question 25

Facultative Anaerobes

Answer 25

Switch hitters, do both aerobic and anaerobic respiration (ex. yeast)

Question 26

Obligate/Strict Anaerobes

Answer 26

They ONLY do anaerobic respiration

Question 27

Steps of Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 27

1. glycolysis 2. fermentation

Question 28

Pyruvic Acid Breakdown

Answer 28

The pyruvic acid goes into the mitochondria's intermembrane space, a CO2 gets taken out, an H gets taken away, a coenzyme a gets added, it becomes acetyl CoA

Question 29

Acetyl CoA

Answer 29

One of the end products of pyruvic acid breakdown

Question 30

End Products of Pyruvic Acid Breakdown (per pyruvic acid)

Answer 30

1 NADH, 1 CO2, 1 Acetyl CoA

Question 31

Krebs Cycle

Answer 31

A cycle in the matrix with the goal to create as many NADH's and FADH's as possible

Question 32

Outer Membrane

Answer 32

The outermost membrane of the mitochindria

Question 33

Intermembrane Space

Answer 33

The space in the mitochondria in between the two membranes

Question 34

Inner Membrane

Answer 34

The innermost membrane of the mitochondria (very foldey)

Question 35

Matrix

Answer 35

The innermost part of the mitochondria

Question 36

The Thing That Combines with Acetyl CoA at the Beginning of the Krebs Cycle

Answer 36

Oxaloacetate

Question 37

The Thing That Acetyl CoA and Oxaloacetate turn into in the Krebs Cycle

Answer 37

Citrate

Question 38

Things made in One Krebs Cycle Turn

Answer 38

3 NADH, 1 FADH, 1 ATP, 2 CO2 (1 GTP)

Question 39

Cristae

Answer 39

The fold in the inner membrane

Question 40

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 40

Electron hot potato where negatively charged electrons get transported through the inner membrane by proteins and lose energy (energy is used for chemiosmosis)

Question 41

Chemiosmosis

Answer 41

H+'s move to create a concentration gradient and then go through ATP synthase to make ATP and then combine with oxygen at the end to form H2O

Question 42

Last Reciever of H in ETC

Answer 42

Oxygen

Question 43

End Products of Chemiosmosis and ETC

Answer 43

32 ATP, 6 H2O