Cells Flashcards
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the first microscope
Robert Hooke
Invented the compound microscope/named cells
Robert Brown
Named the nucleus
Schleiden
All plants are made of cells
Schwann
All animals are made of cells
Smallest Unit of Life
Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
ONLY BACTERIA they have a very simple structure and are very old
Eukaryotic Cells
Very complex and relatively new, plant and animals
Nucleus
The cellular control center, holds DNA
Rough ER
Has ribosomes and is a place to assimilate proteins, right next to the nucleus and has ribosomes on it
Ribosomes
Synthesize proteins, has small and large part
mRNA
Makes copy of DNA and leaves through the nuclear pores to give info to the ribosomes
Lumen
The inner part of the rough er
Smooth ER
Lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, calcium storage
Transport Vesicle
Fat bubble made out of membrane to move proteins around
Golgi Apparatus
Stacks of sacs that are the “post office” for proteins (tell them where to go, fix them, send them places)
Cytoplasm
Mostly water, surrounds organelles, place where chemical reactions take place
Mitochondria
POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL does cellular respiration
Lysosome
“Garbage can” for worn-out cell parts
Peroxisome
Break down things (similar to lysosome) and makes hydrogen peroxide as a waste
Autophagy/Autophagosomes
Gobbles up worn out things in the cell
Apoptosis
Cell suicide
Vacuoles
Vacuole:
Storage of stuff
Food Vacuole:
helps digest food
Contractile Vacuole:
Pumps water out of cell