Cellular Membranes

Question 1

Phospholipids

Answer 1

Tiny blue spheres that make up a majority of the cell membrane

Question 2

Peripheral membrane proteins

Answer 2

Proteins that sit on the outside or inside of the cellular membrane

Question 3

Integral proteins

Answer 3

Sit inside the cellular membrane

Question 4

What does the head of a phospholipid consist of?

Answer 4

Choline, phosphate, glycerol (polar)
(hydrophilic)

Question 5

What does the tail of a phospholipid molecule consist of?

Answer 5

Fatty acid (nonpolar)(hydrophobic)

Question 6

The two shapes phospholipids can arrange themselves into when placed in water

Answer 6

Micelles & liposomes

Question 7

Micelle shape

Answer 7

Circle of phospholipids with a lack of water on the inside of the circle

Question 8

Liposome shape

Answer 8

Bilayer of phospholipids (lipid bilayer)

Question 9

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 9

Model of how proteins fit into the cell membrane

Question 10

Difference between saturated and unsaturated lipid structure?

Answer 10

Unsaturated structure has a double bond that causes bending

Question 11

How does saturation within phospholipids affect membrane fluidity?

Answer 11

Fewer unsaturated fatty acids means lower permeability within the membrane (less fluid going through the membrane)

Question 12

What does cholesterol do within cell membranes?

Answer 12

Decrease membrane permeability

Question 13

What role does temperature play within a cell membrane?

Answer 13

The higher the temperature, the higher the permeability of a cell membrane

Question 14

The head of a phospholipid is

Answer 14

charged

Question 15

Cells need to maintain a

Answer 15

Semi permeable membrane

Question 16

In order to pass through a cell membrane, something must be

Answer 16

Small and nonpolar or partial charge

Question 17

Solutes vs solvents

Answer 17

Solutes are particles
Solvents are the liquid in which they are encased

Question 18

Brownian motion

Answer 18

The random movement of particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas)

Question 19

Larger particles can be moved by…

Answer 19

Light, fast-moving molecules

Question 20

Diffusion

Answer 20

The movement of something from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Question 21

When does diffusion stop?

Answer 21

When we hit equilibrium

Question 22

Equilibrium

Answer 22

An equal concentration of molecules on either side of the membrane

Question 23

Net movement

Answer 23

The direction the majority of the molecules initially travel

Question 24

Movement

Answer 24

Molecules continue to pass through the membrane in random fashion (but equal)

Question 25

Diffusion of water is called…

Answer 25

Osmosis

Question 26

Tonicity

Answer 26

The solute concentration of a solution as compared to another solution

Question 27

Hypertonic

Answer 27

Solution with a higher solute concentration

Question 28

Hypotonic

Answer 28

Solute concentration inside the cell is higher than outside the cell

Question 29

What will cause a cell to burst?

Answer 29

An extreme net movement of water into the cell

Question 30

What will cause a cell to shrink?

Answer 30

A large net flow of water out of the cell

Question 31

Isotonic

Answer 31

When two solutions have an equal concentration in and outside of the cell