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TEAC CONVERSION TO EAC > Cells & Tissues > Flashcards

Cells & Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Define physiology

A

Function

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2
Q

What is pathophysiology

A

Study of disease and its causes

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3
Q

What are the four components that make up the structure of matter

A

Atoms.
molecules.
organic matter
inorganic matter

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4
Q

What is the structure of atoms

3

A

Protons P+
neutrons No
electrons E*

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5
Q

What is the structure of molecules

A

H+H. =H2

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6
Q

What is the structure of compounds

A

C + 2H2 = CH4

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7
Q

Define a cell

A

Basic building block

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8
Q

Label a diagram of a basic cell

A

Section 7.1 page 1

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9
Q

What does the plasma membrane do

A

surrounds the cell. forms a semipermeable barrier around the cell.
Only small particles such as water and oxygen molecules are able to pass through into or out of the cell. Larger particles such as protein molecules are unable to pass through

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10
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

Fluid substance contained within the plasma membrane, surrounding and supporting the other structures of the cell interior

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11
Q

What does mitochondria do

A

Produces energy with use of O2 and glucose. Gets rid of waste products like CO2 by process of diffusion

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12
Q

What is the nucleus

A

Spherical body contained within the plasma membrane. Largest structure in the cell. It contains the information genes (DNA) which determine cellular structure and function

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13
Q

What are the cells functions determined by

A

Genetic material contained within the nucleus

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14
Q

How are nerve impulses pass from one cell to another

A

Nerve cells have long extensions of the plasma membrane and cytoplasm enabling no impulses to be passed from one cell to another

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15
Q

Describe the cells lining the respiratory tract

A

They have numerous hair like projections of the plasma membrane which produces motion in the mucus covering the lining of the tract

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16
Q

What are ribersomes concerned with

A

Protein production

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17
Q

What are the four components that make up cell structure

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Organelles

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18
Q

What are the requirements for cell to successfully function

A

Oxygen
Nutrition
Water

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19
Q

What requires the presence of oxygen

A

Most of the bodies chemical activities which take place within the body cells

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20
Q

Why the cells require food or nutrition

A

In order to produce energy, build and repair cells and provide raw materials for chemical synthesis

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21
Q

Why does cells require water

A

What is the medium for chemical activity within the body

22
Q

What are the two types of cell transport systems

A

Passive and active

23
Q

What does the passive cell transport system include

A

Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion

24
Q

What does the active cell transport system include

A

Channels
endocytosis/exocytosis
Phagocytosis

25
Q

What is Exocytosis

A

The expulsion of waste products

26
Q

What is endocytosis

A

Where materials move into the cell

27
Q

What is osmosis

A

What crosses the semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration

28
Q

What is facilitated diffusion

A

Where large molecules can’t simply diffuse it uses integral membrane proteins to aid across

29
Q

What is active cell transport system

A

Where it uses ATPor energy to transport something

30
Q

What is phagocytosis

A

Where a cell absorbs a larger particle

31
Q

What are the four kinds of tissue

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

32
Q

What is epithelial tissue? 7

A

Covering and lining.

Protection of underlying structures. Secretion. Absorption. Simple. Stratified. Pseudostratified

33
Q

What does the connective tissue do? 4

A

Binding and structural support. Protection. Transport. Insulation

34
Q

What is nervous tissue

A

Also known as neurons they are supported by a type of connective-tissue. Neurolgia.

35
Q

What does the muscle tissue do

A

contract and produce motion

36
Q

Give two examples of epithelial tissue

A

Endocrine glands. Exocrine glands

37
Q

Give three examples of connective-tissue

A

Cartilage.
Bone.
Blood.

38
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue

A

Receive stimuli from both inside and outside the body and relay them to the brain and to transmit impulses from the brain to other tissues of the body

39
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal or voluntary muscle.
Smooth or involuntary muscle.
Cardiac muscle

40
Q

Where is smooth-muscle found

A

Digestive tract and blood vessels

41
Q

What is connective-tissue like in its matter? 4

A

Fluid, gel like, fibrous or rigid material

42
Q

Define anatomy

A

Structure

43
Q

What is simple epithelium? 5

A 
Single layer of cells. 
Squamous.
Cuboidal. 
Columnar
Ciliates columnar
44
Q

What are the 10 organ systems

A 
Integumentary.
Muscular. 
Skeletal. 
Nervous. 
Endocrine.
Lymphatic.
Cardio.
Digestive. 
Urinary.
Reproductive
45
Q

What are the four types of abnormal cell?

A

Uncontrolled cell multiplication.
Tumour or neoplasm.
Benign.
Malignant.

46
Q

What is the function of glands?

A

To secrete substances

47
Q

What do endocrine glands do?

A

Secrete hormones directly into bloodstream.

48
Q

What do exocrine glands do?

A

Secrete enzymes like mucous etc via a duct or directly onto a free surface

49
Q

Define an organ

A

A combination of tissues forming a structure which carries out specialised function

50
Q

Define a system

A

A group of structures or organs which work together to carry out essential specialised functions

TEAC CONVERSION TO EAC (14 decks)

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