cells, systems, misc Flashcards
anatomy and physiology chapter 2
What is the study of the structure and composition of tissue also known as microscopic anatomy
Histology
what is the study of structures of the human body and substances these structures are made of; science of interconnected detail of organisms or their parts
Anatomy
what is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures, including physical and chemical processes
Physiology
What are cells responsible for?
They are responsible for carrying on all life processes
4 parts to a cell
cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, protoplasm
what does the nucleus do?
the “yolk” or brain of the cell, contains dna, aids in cell reproduction and metabolism
what does protoplasm do?
it is a watery, gel like substance containing the nutrient material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair
what does mitochondria do?
take in nutrients, break them down, and create energy (ATP) for the cell
what does the cell membrane do?
encloses the protoplasm and all the innards of the cell, has selectively permeable membrane that allows beneficial substances in and waste out
What process is the splitting of a cell and what’s produced
Mitosis; daughter cells
what is a chemical process that takes place in cells to convert nutrients to energy?
Metabolism
What is connective tissue?
Supports, protects, and binds together, other tissues like bone, cartilage, ligaments, (AKA Adipose tissue)
What is epithelial tissue?
Protective lining on cavities of the body and surfaces of organs, like skin, mucous membrane
what does muscle tissue do?
contracts and moves various parts of the body
what is nerve tissue?
bundles of white tube like structures that are closed on one end; carries messages through the central nervous system to control and coordinate all body functions. composed of neurons
what is the circulatory system?
controls movement of blood thoughout the body
what is the lymphatic/immune system?
protects the body from disease by developing immunity and destroying pathogens and toxins
what is the endocrine system?
controls hormone levels that determine growth, development, sexual function, and overall health of the body
what is the excretory system?
eliminates waste from the body reducing build up of toxins
what is the respiratory system?
makes blood and oxygen available to body structures through breathing, eliminates carbon dioxide