cells Flashcards
what are mitochondria
This is where respiration occurs
what are ribosomes
This is where protein is created
what is a nucleus
this is where genetic information is stored
what is cytoplasm
where chemical reactions take place
what is a cell membrane
controls what goes in and out of the cell
what is a cell wall
Cell wall. A cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some types of cells, situated outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes rigid. It provides cells with both structural support and protection
what are chloroplasts
where photosynthesis occurs
what is a vacuole
Vacuoles are storage bubbles found in cells. They are found in both animal and plant cells but are much larger in plant cells. Vacuoles might store food or any variety of nutrients a cell might need to survive. … Those tiny water bags help to support the plant.
what are chromosones
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
what are plasmids
A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found in bacteria as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms.
what is differentiation
cellular differentiation is the process where a cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth.
high concentration to low concentration
diffusion
It is the most common form of reproduction in prokaryotes and occurs in some single-celled eukaryotes. After replicating its genetic material, the cell divides into two nearly equal sized daughter cells.
Binary fission
The vascular tissue in plants which conducts sugars and other metabolic products downwards from the leaves.
phloem
one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other. The basic function is to transport water from roots to shoot and leaves, but it also transports some nutrients.
xylem
what is a daughter cell
a cell formed by the division or budding of another
parent cell
A cell that is the source of other cells, as a cell that divides to produce two or more daughter cells, or a stem cell
what is cloning
cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.
white blood cell function
White blood cells, also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
what is hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is the protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen.
what is red blood cells function
Red blood cells carries oxygen. Red blood cells also remove carbon dioxide from your body, transporting it to the lungs for you to exhale. Red blood cells are made inside your bones, in the bone marrow. They typically live for about 120 days, and then they die.
Osmosis
Osmosis is the special case of diffusion involving water molecules. Water molecules move from areas of high water concentration to areas of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
stem cells
stem cell. An unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell. An unspecialized cell found in fetuses, embryos, and some adult body tissues that has the potential to develop into specialized cells or divide into other stem cells.
example of diffusion
Oxygen in the lungs diffuses from the alveolar air space into the blood circulating around the lungs. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood circulating around the lungs into the alveolar air space.
