cells 2

Question 1

what does the cell cycle consists of?

Answer 1

interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 2

describe interphase

Answer 2

G1= duplication of organelles and cell grows
S= synthesis of DNA( chromosomes)
G2= cell is checked for error, ans destroyed if need be

Question 3

4 stages of mitosis

Answer 3

prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Question 4

define prophase

Answer 4

-chromosomes coil/condense, shorten and thicken
-nucleolus disappears
-centrioles move to each pole
-nuclear envelope dissolves

Question 5

define metaphase

Answer 5

-spindles from the centrioles attach to the centromere and chromatids
-cells line up on the equatore

Question 6

define anaphase

Answer 6

-spindles pull at chromatids, dividing the centrometer and pulling them to the sides of the cell
- requires atp

Question 7

telophase

Answer 7

-chromosomes at pole uncoil, become longer and thinner
-nucleus refoms

Question 8

cytokinesis

Answer 8

cytoplasm divides, creating 2 identical daughter cells

Question 9

Equation for mitotic index

Answer 9

number of cells in mitosis/ the number of cells in total x by 100

Question 10

what organsims complete binary fission?

Answer 10

-prokaryotics cells etc bacteria

Question 11

How does binary fission work?

Answer 11

-circular dna and plasmids replicate
-cell enlarges, dna loops move to each side
-cytoplasm divides
-new cell wall forms
-divided, 2 daughter cells

Question 12

How do viruses do binary fission

Answer 12

-attachment protiens bind to complementary recpetors on surface of host cell
(different viruses-different receptor protiens)
-unalive-no cell divison, inject DNA/RNA into own cell(hijack and use its own ribosomes and enzyme to create more viral particals

Question 13

How many times does dna replicate in binary fission? what about plamids?

Answer 13

-dna- once
plasmids- many