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Lab > cell types and tumors > Flashcards

cell types and tumors Flashcards

1
Q

what does romanowsky stain not stain well

A

bone marrow, mast cells, lymphnode samples

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2
Q

what is the perfered fixative of romanowski stain

A

95% methanol

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3
Q

how long should sample remain in methanol fixative

A

2-5 minutes

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4
Q

what can cause excessive blue

A

prolong contact, inadequit wash, too thick, too alkaline, formalin exposure, delayed fixation

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5
Q

what can cause excessive pink

A

prolong wash, insufficient contact time, acidic stain, placing cover slip before dry

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6
Q

what can cause inadequate stained nucleated cells

A

insufficient contact time, old stain

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7
Q

what can cause uneven staining

A

variations of pH or water on slide

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8
Q

what can cause precipitate

A

inadequate washing, filtration of stain, dirty slides, old stain

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9
Q

what does NMB not stain well

A

cytoplasm, eosinophilic granules, RBCs

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10
Q

what is NMB used to stain

A

nuclear detail (WBC), infectious agents, platelets, bacteria, fugi, yeast, mast cell granules

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11
Q

explain normal neutrophil

A

3-5 lobes, light blue cytoplasm

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12
Q

explain degenerative neutrophils

A

hyper-segmented, condensed nucleus, loss of nuclear mem.

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13
Q

explain plasma cells

A

oval cells with odd shaped nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, and perinuclear clear zone

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14
Q

explain macrophages

A

large cell dirived from monocytes, located in tissue, lacy chromatin, vacules

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15
Q

explain mesothelial cells

A

round with round/oval nucleous, may react to fluid, resemble macrophages

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16
Q

explain mast cells

A

round/oval with numerous round purple granules, contain histamine and heprin

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17
Q

what is an inflammation indicator

A

TNCC > 5000/ul

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18
Q

explain purulent inflammation

A

85% neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes; acute inflammation or bacteria

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19
Q

explain pyogranulomatous inflammation

A

50% macrophages, 75% neutrophils; paracitic or fungal infection

20
Q

in pyogranulomatous inflammation what happens as inflammation decreases

A

so do neutrophil #s

21
Q

explain granulomatous inflammation

A

70% monocytes, macrophages, giant cells; few neutrophils; chronic

22
Q

explain eosinophilic inflammation

A

> 10% eosinophils; mast cells, plasma cells, lymphocytes possible; paracitic or neoplastic disorders

23
Q

what are neoplastic lesions associated with

A

inflammation

24
Q

list some benign characteristics

A

homogenous, slow growing, do not spread, not harmful, can cause secondary issues

25
Q

list some malignant characteristics

A

aggressive, quick growing, metastasize, cancerous

26
Q

malignant nuclear changes

A

variable N:C ratio, multinucleation, vacuoles in cytoplasm, irregular borders

27
Q

malignant epithelial cells AKA

A

carcinoma or adenocarcinoma

28
Q

malignant mesenchymal cells AKA

A

sarcoma

29
Q

malignant discrete round cells AKA

A

round cell tumor

30
Q

where are venereal tumors and melanoma normally found

A

genitalia and transmitted through mateing

31
Q

explain lipoma

A

fatty cells, occurs anywhere, freely moble, variable shape and size, 8 years and older

32
Q

explain epithelial tumors

A

form covering most internal surfaces of body and skin

33
Q

epithelial tumor shape

A

round to caudate

34
Q

do epithelial tumor cells clump or cluster

A

yes

35
Q

what do epithelial tumors have the ability to do

A

metastasis

36
Q

explain mesenchymal tumors

A

tumor arising from connective tissue

37
Q

mesenchymal tumors size

A

small to medium

38
Q

mesenchymal tumors shape

A

spindle to stellate (star)

39
Q

do mesenchymal tumors clump or cluster

A

no

40
Q

mesenchymal tumor cellularity

A

low

41
Q

descrete round cell tumor size

A

small to med

42
Q

descrete round cell tumor shape

A

round to oval

43
Q

descrete round cell tumor cellularity

A

high

44
Q

common forms of descrete round cell tumor

A

lymphosarcoma, mast cell tumor, histiocytoma

45
Q

what are the inflammation cells

A

basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, sometimes lymphocytes

46
Q

inflammation with few neutrophils

A

granulomatosis

Lab (10 decks)

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