cell types and tumors

Question 1

what does romanowsky stain not stain well

Answer 1

bone marrow, mast cells, lymphnode samples

Question 2

what is the perfered fixative of romanowski stain

Answer 2

95% methanol

Question 3

how long should sample remain in methanol fixative

Answer 3

2-5 minutes

Question 4

what can cause excessive blue

Answer 4

prolong contact, inadequit wash, too thick, too alkaline, formalin exposure, delayed fixation

Question 5

what can cause excessive pink

Answer 5

prolong wash, insufficient contact time, acidic stain, placing cover slip before dry

Question 6

what can cause inadequate stained nucleated cells

Answer 6

insufficient contact time, old stain

Question 7

what can cause uneven staining

Answer 7

variations of pH or water on slide

Question 8

what can cause precipitate

Answer 8

inadequate washing, filtration of stain, dirty slides, old stain

Question 9

what does NMB not stain well

Answer 9

cytoplasm, eosinophilic granules, RBCs

Question 10

what is NMB used to stain

Answer 10

nuclear detail (WBC), infectious agents, platelets, bacteria, fugi, yeast, mast cell granules

Question 11

explain normal neutrophil

Answer 11

3-5 lobes, light blue cytoplasm

Question 12

explain degenerative neutrophils

Answer 12

hyper-segmented, condensed nucleus, loss of nuclear mem.

Question 13

explain plasma cells

Answer 13

oval cells with odd shaped nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm, and perinuclear clear zone

Question 14

explain macrophages

Answer 14

large cell dirived from monocytes, located in tissue, lacy chromatin, vacules

Question 15

explain mesothelial cells

Answer 15

round with round/oval nucleous, may react to fluid, resemble macrophages

Question 16

explain mast cells

Answer 16

round/oval with numerous round purple granules, contain histamine and heprin

Question 17

what is an inflammation indicator

Answer 17

TNCC > 5000/ul

Question 18

explain purulent inflammation

Answer 18

85% neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes; acute inflammation or bacteria

Question 19

explain pyogranulomatous inflammation

Answer 19

50% macrophages, 75% neutrophils; paracitic or fungal infection

Question 20

in pyogranulomatous inflammation what happens as inflammation decreases

Answer 20

so do neutrophil #s

Question 21

explain granulomatous inflammation

Answer 21

70% monocytes, macrophages, giant cells; few neutrophils; chronic

Question 22

explain eosinophilic inflammation

Answer 22

> 10% eosinophils; mast cells, plasma cells, lymphocytes possible; paracitic or neoplastic disorders

Question 23

what are neoplastic lesions associated with

Answer 23

inflammation

Question 24

list some benign characteristics

Answer 24

homogenous, slow growing, do not spread, not harmful, can cause secondary issues

Question 25

list some malignant characteristics

Answer 25

aggressive, quick growing, metastasize, cancerous

Question 26

malignant nuclear changes

Answer 26

variable N:C ratio, multinucleation, vacuoles in cytoplasm, irregular borders

Question 27

malignant epithelial cells AKA

Answer 27

carcinoma or adenocarcinoma

Question 28

malignant mesenchymal cells AKA

Answer 28

sarcoma

Question 29

malignant discrete round cells AKA

Answer 29

round cell tumor

Question 30

where are venereal tumors and melanoma normally found

Answer 30

genitalia and transmitted through mateing

Question 31

explain lipoma

Answer 31

fatty cells, occurs anywhere, freely moble, variable shape and size, 8 years and older

Question 32

explain epithelial tumors

Answer 32

form covering most internal surfaces of body and skin

Question 33

epithelial tumor shape

Answer 33

round to caudate

Question 34

do epithelial tumor cells clump or cluster

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

what do epithelial tumors have the ability to do

Answer 35

metastasis

Question 36

explain mesenchymal tumors

Answer 36

tumor arising from connective tissue

Question 37

mesenchymal tumors size

Answer 37

small to medium

Question 38

mesenchymal tumors shape

Answer 38

spindle to stellate (star)

Question 39

do mesenchymal tumors clump or cluster

Answer 39

no

Question 40

mesenchymal tumor cellularity

Answer 40

low

Question 41

descrete round cell tumor size

Answer 41

small to med

Question 42

descrete round cell tumor shape

Answer 42

round to oval

Question 43

descrete round cell tumor cellularity

Answer 43

high

Question 44

common forms of descrete round cell tumor

Answer 44

lymphosarcoma, mast cell tumor, histiocytoma

Question 45

what are the inflammation cells

Answer 45

basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, sometimes lymphocytes

Question 46

inflammation with few neutrophils

Answer 46

granulomatosis