Cell Signaling Part 2

Question 1

transmembrane proteins that display their ligand binding domains on the outer surface of the plasma membrane

Answer 1

enzyme coupled receptors

Question 2

largest class of enzyme coupled receptors

Answer 2

receptor tyrosine kinase

Question 3

ligand binding allows —- formation which results in —-

Answer 3

dimer, kinase activation

Question 4

• a small GTP binding protein that is bound by a lipid tail to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane
• a monomeric GTPase

Answer 4

Ras

Question 5

virtually all RTK’s actiavte

Answer 5

Ras and PDGF

Question 6

mediate cell proliferation in wound healing and nerve growth factor receptors

Answer 6

PDGF

Question 7

Ras-Gef activates or deactives Ras?

Answer 7

activates (turns on)

Question 8

Ras-Gap activates of deactivates Ras?

Answer 8

deactives

Question 9

upon activation of Ras, it will activate what?

Answer 9

MAP Kinase Module

Question 10

MAP kinases change what two things

Answer 10

protein activity, and gene expression

Question 11

growth factor signaling

Answer 11

ras/raf/mek/erk/transcription factor activation

Question 12

RTK’s activate to promote cell growth and survival

Answer 12

PI3K pathway

Question 13

PI3K pathway

Answer 13

Signal — pip2 - PI3K - pip3 (PTEN) - AKT - MTOR - C1 AND C2

Question 14

rapator

Answer 14

c1

Question 15

rictor

Answer 15

c2

Question 16

insulin signaling

Answer 16

pi3k/akt (draw out)

Question 17

54 kDa lipidphosphatase

the second most frequently mutated gene in human cancer

functions to antagonize PI3K/Akt signaling

Answer 17

PTEN

Question 18

cytokine signaling

Answer 18

jak/stat (draw out)

Question 19

signaling through interferons and hematopoietic receptors occur through the

Answer 19

JAK-STAT pathway

Question 20

inhibitors of the JAK-STAT pathway

Answer 20

• protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS)

- suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)

Question 21

family of 8 mobile transcription factors

Answer 21

smad family proteins

Question 22

3 different types of smads

Answer 22

r
co
I

Question 23

• regulated by phosphorylation

- smad 1 2 3 5 8

Answer 23

r smads

Question 24

is not phosphorylated itself

smad 4

Answer 24

co smad

Question 25

inhibitory - present other scads from phosphorylation

smad 6 7

Answer 25

I-smad

Question 26

smad’s are used in what signaling

Answer 26

transforming growth factor -beta (TGF-beta)

Question 27

TGF-b signaling

Answer 27

• ligand binds and is phosphorylated smad 2 or 3
• joins with 4 to make complex
• can enter nucleus for transcription

Question 28

cells transmit information from ER to nucleus

Answer 28

regulated intramembrane proteolysis

Question 29

No phosphates being shuttled around
Notch signaling
Amyloid precursor protein (APP)
Sterol synthesis

Answer 29

regulated intramembrane proteolysis

Question 30

Communication and interconnectivity between signaling pathways

Answer 30

cross talk

Question 31

Notch1 Intersection with

Answer 31

mTOR and PTEN