Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cell Bio Final > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

two main stages of the cell cycle

A

mitotic and interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mitotic phase consists of

A

mitosis and cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cell growth and copying chromosomes

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 parts of interphase

A

s, g2,and g1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DNA synthesis

A

s phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

period between s and m

A

g2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

period between m and s

A

g1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 phases of the mitosis

A 
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase and cytokinesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the cell increases in size, the DNA of the chromosomes is replicated and the centrosome is duplicated

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the duplicated chromosomes condense.

outside the nucleus the mitotic spindle assembles between the two centrosomes which have begun to move apart

A

prophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

breakdown of nuclear envelope, can now attach to spindle microtubules via their kinetochores and undergo active movement

A

prometaphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle, midway between the spindle poles.

the kinetochore microtubules on each sister chromatid attach to opposite poles of the spindle

A

metaphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the sister chromatids synchronously separate and are pulled slowly toward the spindle pole to which they are attached. he kinetochore microtubules get shorter and the spindle poles move apart

A

anaphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the two sets of chromosomes arrive at the poles of the spindle. a new nuclear envelope reassembles around each set, completing the formation of two nuclei and marketing the end of mitosis

A

telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the cytoplasm divided in two by a contractile ring of actin and myosin filaments, which pinches the cell into two daughters each with one nucleus

A

cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

is all DNA replicated? is all DNA damage repaired?

checks for: cell size and dna damage

A

G2 checkpoint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

are all chromosomes properly attached to the mitotic spindle

checks for: chromsome attachement to spindle

A

M checkpoint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is environment favorable?

checks for: cell size, nutrients, growth factors, dna damage

A

G1 checkpoint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which check point is the most important

A

G1

20
Q

If the cell does not receive the go-ahead signal from the g1 phase, it will exit the cycle, switching into a non-dividing state called

A

g0 phase (senescence)

21
Q

kinetochores not attached to spindle microtubules send a molecular signal that delays anaphase

A

internal signal

22
Q

growth factors —- proteins released by certain cells that stimulate other cells to divide

A

external signals

23
Q

cyclin- cdk complex: G1-Cdk
Cyclin?
Cdk partner?

A

Cyclin D

Cdk 4 and 6

24
Q

cyclin- cdk complex: G1/S-Cdk
Cyclin?
Cdk partner?

A

Cyclin E

Cdk 2

25
Q

cyclin- cdk complex: S-Cdk
Cyclin?
Cdk partner?

A

Cyclin A

Cdk 2

26
Q

cyclin- cdk complex: M-Cdk
Cyclin?
Cdk partner?

A

Cyclin B

Cdk 1

27
Q

three d cyclins in mammals

A

d1 d2 d3

28
Q

Transcription
Proteolysis
Inhibitory phosphorylation
Binding of CDK inhibitors

A

regulations of cyclins

29
Q

cyclins or cdk’s are degraded

A

cyclins

30
Q

Ubiquitylation of cyclin by APC results in

A

degradation

31
Q

The cell cycle can pause through the action of a CDK inhibitor

A

p27
p21
p57 (all for g1/s, g2, m)

g1 - 15, 16, 18, 19

32
Q

DNA damage will result in exit from the cell cycle and arrest in

A

G1

33
Q

three major categories of extracellular signals

A

mitogens
growth factors
survival factors

34
Q

stimulate cell division (entry & progression through the cell cycle)

A

mitogens

35
Q

stimulate cell growth (increase in cell size and mass) by promoting the synthesis of proteins and other macromolecules

A

growth factors

36
Q

promote cell survival by suppressing programmed cell death

A

survival factors

37
Q
  • act by turning on signaling pathways that stimulate the synthesis of G1 cyclins
  • inhibit the Rb protein
A

mitogens

38
Q

in normal cells pRB is a

A

tumor supressor

39
Q

Increase Synthesis and Decrease Degradation of Macromolecules, and results in increased cell size and mass

A

growth factors

40
Q

a pro-survival protein

A

Bcl-2

41
Q

Survival Factors Suppress Apoptosis by Regulating (oncogene)

A

bcl-2

42
Q

which crowded cells stop dividing

A

external signal

43
Q

in which they must be attached to a substratum in order to divide

A

anchorage dependence

44
Q

which type of cells exhibit neither density-dependent inhibition nor anchorage dependence

A

cancer cells

45
Q

proteolysis regulates what two cycles

A

s and m

46
Q

inhibitory phosphates are removed to activate the

A

M-cyclin CDK complex

Cell Bio Final (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions