Cell Membranes

Question 0

Integral proteins

Answer 0

Sites for chemical reactions(enzymes); and (pumps) for Active transport

Question 1

Glycoproteins

Answer 1

W/ carbohydrates; make chemical receptors

Question 2

Channel proteins

Answer 2

Carry molecules through the plasma membrane

Question 3

Cholesterol

Answer 3

Affects fluidity at different temperatures (no polar)

Question 4

Peripheral proteins

Answer 4

Act as receptors and recognize other cells

Question 5

Hydrophilic phosphate heads

Answer 5

Water loving

Question 6

Hydrophobic phosphate tails

Answer 6

water fearing

Question 7

Functions of plasma membrane

Answer 7

1. Hold cell together
2. Control what goes in and out
3. Protect the cell
4. Allow the cell to recognize and be recognized
5. Bind to other cells and molecules
6. A site for biochemical reactions

Question 8

The fluid mosaic model

Answer 8

Membrane is flexible, adaptable, and in motion; fluidity of membrane allow for quick reformation

Question 9

Functions of membrane proteins

Answer 9

1. Hormone binding sites
2. Fixed enzymes
3. Cell adhesion
4. Channels for facilitated diffusion
5. Cell signaling
6. Active transport pumps
7. Electron carriers in photosynthesis and cell respiration

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

1. Passive

2. Small and uncharged molecules

Question 11

Concentration gradient

Answer 11

The difference in concentration of a substance between two locations

Question 12

Factors affecting rate of diffusion

Answer 12

1. Concentration gradient
2. Surface area (increase surface area=increased rate of diffusion)
3. Length of diffusion path

Question 13

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 13

1. Passive

2. Used a carrier protein which is specific to the type of molecule

Question 14

Osmosis

Answer 14

1. Passive

2. Transport of water from low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 15

Hydrolysis of a high energy bond in ATP

Answer 15

The bond releases one phosphate and a lot of energy

Question 16

Active transport

Answer 16

1. High to low concentration
2. Use ATP
3. Key in homeostasis

Question 17

Exocytosis

Answer 17

The export of macromolecules from the cell

Question 18

Endocytosis

Answer 18

The import of macromolecules

Question 19

Phagocytosis

Answer 19

The ingestion of solid molecules

Question 20

Pinocytosis

Answer 20

The ingestion of liquids and solutes

Question 21

Vesicles transport

Answer 21

Exocytosis of protein molecules via the Golgi apparatus