Angiosperm Plants Flashcards
Short day plants
High Pr to flower, low Pfr
Photochromes
Pr - produces slowly in the dark
Pfr- produces quickly in the daylight; but in smaller amounts present
Long day plants
High Pfr to flower, low Pr
What is the role of gibberellin?
To stimulate production of amylase
What does amylase do?
Catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose
What does the maltose then go on and do?
Diffuses into embryo for energy release and growth
What are the three factors required for germination?
Water, heat, and oxygen
What is water’a role in germination?
Water is needed to rehydrate the cells of the seed, to break the seed coat, and to grow shoot and root
What is heat’s role in germination?
Regulate enzymatic activity. Extreme heats can cause the seed to go dormant
What is oxygens role in germination?
Oxygen is needed for cellular respiration until the plant is able to preform photosynthesis
Pollination
The process in which pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma
Fertilization
Fusion of make and female gametes inside the ovule to form a zygote
Seed dispersal
The movement or transport of seeds or fruits away from the part
Active translocation
Requires energy; when the phloem tissue takes sugars and Amino acids from the leaves, stems, and storage units to the roots and fruits
What is an example of an adaptation of xerophytes?
Leaves on cactus are spikes
How does light effect rate of transpiration?
Increases b/c stomata is open in light
How does humidity effect rate of transpiration?
Decreases; messes up concentration gradient b/c too much water vapor pressure outside of lead
How does heat effect transpiration?
Raises the rate of transpiration because it increases evaporation
How does the wind effect transpiration?
Increases b/c it moves humidity away from the plant leaves
Abscisic acid
Causes the closing of stomata in plants
Transpiration stream
Occurs in the xylem vessels and is the pathway for rather to flow up the plant
Evaporation’s role in transpiration of water
The more evaporation, the lower the pressure which sucks the water up the stream
Transpiration
Loss of water vapor from the leaves and stems of the plants
How do terrestrial plants support themselves?
Thickens cellulose, cell turgor, and lignified xylem
