Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

What are the steps of mitosis?

Answer 1

1) Interphase: DNA replication
2) Prophase: chromosomes condense, centromeres move to poles
3) Prometaphase: Nuclear envelope breaks down, kinetochores attached to kinetochores
4) Metaphase: Chromosomes lineup at metaphase plate
5) Anaphase: Chromosomes seperate, microtubules shorten
6) Telophase: Daughter chromosomes reach poles, chromosomes decondense

Question 2

What is a spindle? how does it connect to microtubules/kinetochore?

Answer 2

• Spindle segregates the chromosomes, made up of microtubules
• microtubules are stable when captures by kinetochore - two from the same spindle can’t capture both chromatids of chromosome
• Has checkpoint to ensure all chromatids have been captured

Question 3

What do actin and myosin form in animals?

Answer 3

• forms “pure string” which constricts and divides the cell

Question 4

What happens in plants?

Answer 4

• Vesicles fuse to make membrane, this forms cell

Question 5

What does “syncytial” mean?

Answer 5

• this is when cells go through mitosis w/ cytokinesis

Question 6

What are the steps of Meiosis?

Answer 6

It is split into meiosis 1 and 2. Meiosis 1 is the division of homologs.

• Results in 2 cells with 2 copies of each homolog.
• Meiosis 2 is similar to mitosis.
• Results in 4 haploid cells