Cell Components

Question 1

-Also called plasmalemma, plasma membrane.
-Outer boundary of the cell; Isolates the extracellular material from the intercellular material
-Consists of a bi-layer of phospholipids
-Major function is to regulate what enters and exits the cell

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

-control center of the cell
-Has a nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope),
-nucleolus (usually) and –chromatin

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

• no ribosomes on the surface
  major functions include synthesis, storage, detoxification

Answer 3

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

– contains ribosomes on the surface
Major function is protein synthesis and storage

Answer 4

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

Communicates with ER and cell surface through protein containing vesicles
Major function is synthesis and packaging of secretions

Answer 5

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

-Primary lysosomes contain inactive enzymes; secondary lysosomes contain active enzymes
-Major function is digestion of waste materials

Answer 6

Lysosomes

Question 7

Powerhouse of the cell
-Major function is ATP production through cellular respiration

Answer 7

Mitochondria

Question 8

Free ribosomes found in cytoplasm
Fixed ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Major function is protein synthesis

Answer 8

Ribosomes

Question 9

Protein structures forming internal matrix of cell
-Four types:
a)microfilaments (anchoring and muscle movement);

b)intermediate filaments (cell strength and stability);

c)thick filaments (muscle movement);

d) microtubules (intracellular organelle movement and cell reproduction)

Answer 9

2. Cytoskeleton

Question 10

Membrane modifications
1. ________ – increase in surface area of cell
2. ______movement of substances through passageways
3. _______ movement (locomotion) of the cell

Answer 10

1. Microvilli
2. Cilia
3. Flagella

Question 11

Phases of Cell Division
A. – period of cell growth and DNA replication
B. – chromosome pairs evident; nuclear membrane disappears
C. – paired chromosomes line up in center of cell (metaphase plate)
D. – chromosomes move to polar ends of cell; cleavage furrow apparent
E. -nuclear envelope and nucleolus re-appear; cleavage furrow nearly

NOTE: Cytokenisis is true division of the cell. Division begins during anaphase and is completed at end of telophase

Answer 11

A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
E. Telophase

Question 12

Study the picture of a cell and all its organelles