CDK

Question 1

risk factor types

Answer 1

susceptibility (age…) or initiation (HTN, DM…)

Question 2

classification

Answer 2

CGA: cause, GFR, albuminuria

Question 3

normal GFR and ALB

Answer 3

> 60 (90) and < 30 albumin to creatinine ratio

Question 4

proteinuria types

Answer 4

glom injury> albumin in urine

tubular injury> small molecule weight in urine

Question 5

normal protein filtration

Answer 5

glom blocks large (albumin), small make it through but reabsorbed.

Question 6

treatment options

Answer 6

block RAS… ACEi dilates efferent, lower PBC, decrease grr but slow progression in the long run of SNGFR loss

Question 7

sodium in CDK

Answer 7

normal until late, increase excretion (increase FeNa) and decrease absorption. ANP/pressure natures, still HTN

Question 8

potassium in CKD

Answer 8

control similar to normal, increase load> aldo> excretion, eventually hyperkalemia

Question 9

metabolic acidosis in CKD

Answer 9

late. limited NH3 production. bone buffer… osteopenia

Question 10

anemia and CKD

Answer 10

resistance to erythropoietin.. give it! transfuse if we need to

Question 11

imitation factors

Answer 11

HTN, DM, UTI, autoimmune issues, infections

Question 12

4 markers of kidney damage

Answer 12

1) proteinuria, 2) abnormalities in the urinary sediment, 3) structural abnormalities seem on imaging, or 4) a tubular disorder

Question 13

GFR stage 1

Answer 13

> 90

Question 14

GFR stage 2

Answer 14

60-90

Question 15

GFR stage 3

Answer 15

30-60

Question 16

goals of care for GFR stages

Answer 16

diagnose and treat underlying, prevent progression, ID and treat complications, prepare for replacement, start replacement

Question 17

goals of care for albuminuria stages

Answer 17

diagnose and treat underlying, start ACEi/ARB and lower BP, treat nephrotic or nephritic syndrome

Question 18

cancer risk in dialysis patients

Answer 18

INCREASED