CDA - Retina Flashcards
Layers of the retina
PBG
1st order - photoreceptors (rods and cones)
2nd order - bipolar cells
3rd order - ganglion cells
interneurons - horizontal and amacrine cells
Describe this?
Tessellated fundus (category 1)
Well define choroidal vessels that can be observed clearly around the fovea and the arcade vessels
Describe this?
Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy (category 2)
- yellowish-white hue
- can extend from disc to posterior pole
describe this
Patchy chorioretinal atrophy (category 3)
- well define grayish white lesions in the macular area or around the ONH
- absence of choroid and RPE as well as the outer retina
describe this
macular atrophy (cat 4)
- well defined grey-white chorioretinal atrophic lesion in the foveal region
What is this?
LAcquer crack
- break in Bruch’s membrane/ RPE/ choroid
- approx 4-9% of high myopic prevalence
what is this?
Myopic CNV (choroidal neovascularisation)
- pathologic myopia most frequent cause of CNV
- macular atrophy develops around the scarred CNV impairing central vision
- growth of new blood vessels from choroid to retina
what is this?
Fuchs’ spot
- late stage myopic CNV scar
what is this?
pavingstone degeneration / cobblestone degeneration
- peripheral chorioretinal atrophy associated with pathological myopia
what is this?
Lattice degeneration
- increase the risk of RD
- high prevalence of 30% in high myopes
- does not affect vision
what are the two arrows pointing towards?
Top – horseshoe tear
bottom – operculated tear
Note:
Tear = vitreoretinal traction
break = retinal stretch, not traction
What is this?
Macular hole
Right is full thickness mac hole
What is this
PPA of ONH
more marked and enlarged when eye is above -8D
what is this/
White without pressure
- white, grey, flat opacification of the retina that partially obscures the normal choroidal vascular colour and pattern
- not a RD
