CDA - Cataracts Flashcards
1
Q
What are some symptoms associated with cataracts?
A
- Decreased VA
- Poor contrast sensitivity
- increased glare sensitivity
- ghosting/ diplopia
2
Q
Signs of nuclear cataract?
A
- Progresses slowly
- Myopic shift
- yellowish hue –> brown
3
Q
Signs of cortical cataract?
A
- Spoke-like opacities
- peripheral opacity –> central
- reduced VA, glare, contrsat
- clefts and vacuoles
4
Q
Sings of subcapsular cataract?
A
Anterior and posterior subcapsular cataract
- greater impact on Visual symptoms
- along the visual axis
- vision and glare particularly problematic under conditions of miosis
5
Q
How does phenylephrine work?
A
- Iris dilator contraction and vasoconstriction
- Maximum time for dilation 45-60min
- Mydriasis for 4-7 hours
- inhibits accommodation ~2D
6
Q
Pilocarpine mechanism of action
A
Direct muscarinic acetylcholine agonist
- constricts pupil
7
Q
Atropine mechanism of action
A
Non-selective muscarinic antagonist
Mydriasis - 25min
Cyclo - 1.5 hours and can last for 8 days
8
Q
Cyclopentolate - mechanism of action
A
Antimuscarinic
9
Q
Tropicamide - mechanism of action
A
Antimuscarinic
