CDA - Cataracts Flashcards

1
Q

What are some symptoms associated with cataracts?

A
  • Decreased VA
  • Poor contrast sensitivity
  • increased glare sensitivity
  • ghosting/ diplopia
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2
Q

Signs of nuclear cataract?

A
  • Progresses slowly
  • Myopic shift
  • yellowish hue –> brown
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3
Q

Signs of cortical cataract?

A
  • Spoke-like opacities
  • peripheral opacity –> central
  • reduced VA, glare, contrsat
  • clefts and vacuoles
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4
Q

Sings of subcapsular cataract?

A

Anterior and posterior subcapsular cataract
- greater impact on Visual symptoms
- along the visual axis
- vision and glare particularly problematic under conditions of miosis

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5
Q

How does phenylephrine work?

A
  • Iris dilator contraction and vasoconstriction
  • Maximum time for dilation 45-60min
  • Mydriasis for 4-7 hours
  • inhibits accommodation ~2D
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6
Q

Pilocarpine mechanism of action

A

Direct muscarinic acetylcholine agonist
- constricts pupil

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7
Q

Atropine mechanism of action

A

Non-selective muscarinic antagonist
Mydriasis - 25min
Cyclo - 1.5 hours and can last for 8 days

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8
Q

Cyclopentolate - mechanism of action

A

Antimuscarinic

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9
Q

Tropicamide - mechanism of action

A

Antimuscarinic

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