CB4c Classification Flashcards
Order of Classification system:
Kay-Pea-COF-GS
Kingdom Phylem Class Order Family Genus Species
Why does using characteristics for classification cause problems?
Some organisms have evolved similar characteristics but are not closely related
Linnaeus’s classifcation system was altered from two kingdoms (plants and animals) to five. They are:
Plants Animals Fungi Protists Prokaryotes
After scientists accepted the theory of evolution, they aimed to alter the classification system so that…
the smaller groups in the system contained organisms that have evolved from recent common ancestors
Main Characteristics: Animal kingdom
Multicellular (with cells arranged as tissues and organs)
Cells have nuclei
No cell walls
Main Characteristics: Plant kingdom
Multicellular (with cells arranged as tissues and organs)
Chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Cells have nuclei
Cellulose cell walls
Main Characteristics: Fungi kingdom
Multicellular (apart from yeasts)
Live in/on the dead matter which they feed on
Cells have nuclei
Cell walls contain chitin (not cellulose)
Main Characteristics: Protist kingdom
Mostly unicellular (a few are unicellular)
cells have nuclei
some have cell walls (made from different substances not chitin)
Main Characteristics: Prokaryote kingdom
Unicellular
Cells have no nuclei
Flexible cell walls
The three domains:
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya - (animals, fungi, plants, protists with cilia, protists with flagella)
Archea
- cells with no nucleus
- unused section of DNA in genes
Eukarya
- cells have nucleus
- unused sections in genes
Bacteria
- cells have no nucleus
- no unused sections in genes
The more DNA two organisms have in common…
The more closely related they are
Which is more recent, the common ancestor of Eukarya and Archea, or of Bacteria and Eukarya
Eukarya and Archaea. Despite Archaea having no nucleus, eukarya and archaea both have unused sections in there DNA in there genes. Whereas Bacteria uses all sections in genes
Genetic analysis
Studying and researching the field of genetics
Explain why all members of the animal kingdom are in the Eukarya domain
All animals cells have a nuclei
Explain how advances in technology have changed the classifications of organisms
The development of genetic analysis, showed that all organisms apart from prokaryotes have unused sections of DNA. This lead to the idea that animals should be divided into three domains
State two things that scientists examine in order to put organisms into domains
Nucleus or no nucleus
Unused sections or no unused sections in DNA
