CB4a Evidence Of Human Evolution

Question 1

Bionomial system (definition)

Answer 1

The system of naming organisms using to latin words

Question 2

Species (definition)

Answer 2

A group of organisms that can reproduce with eachother to produce off spring that will be able to reproduce

Question 3

Evolution (definition)

Answer 3

A change in one or more characteristics of a population over a long period of time

Question 4

Ardi (definition)

Answer 4

The nickname for a 4.4 million year old fossilised specimen of Ardipithecus ramidus that was discovered in Ethiopia

Question 5

Lucy (definition)

Answer 5

The nickname for the 3.2 million year old fossilised specimen of Australopithecus afarensis

Question 6

Brain/Skull Volume of Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy)

Answer 6

400cm3

Question 7

Brain/skull volume of Ardipithercus ramidus

Answer 7

350cm3

Question 8

Brain/skull volume of Homo habilis

Answer 8

500-600cm3

Question 9

Brain/skull volume of Homo erectus

Answer 9

850cm3

Question 10

Brain/skull volume of Homo sapiens

Answer 10

1500cm3/1450cm3

Question 11

Height of Ardipithecus ramidus

Answer 11

120cm/1.2m

Question 12

Height of Australopithecus afarensis

Answer 12

107cm/1.07m

Question 13

Height of Homo habilis

Answer 13

130cm/1.3m

Question 14

Height of Homo erectus

Answer 14

179cm/1.79m

Question 15

Height of Homo sapiens

Answer 15

180cm/1.8m

Question 16

Time period of Ardipithecus ramidus

Answer 16

4.4 million years old

Question 17

Time period of Australopithecus afarensis

Answer 17

3.9 million to 3.0 million years old

Question 18

Time period of Homo habilis

Answer 18

2.4 million to 1.4 million years old

Question 19

Time period of Homo erectus

Answer 19

1.8 million to 0.5 years old

Question 20

Time period of Homo sapiens

Answer 20

195,000 years ago to present

Question 21

Features of Ardipithecus ramidus (Ardi)

Answer 21

• Long arms and long, big toes that allowed her to climb trees
• Was able to walk upright

Question 22

Features of Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy)

Answer 22

• Toe bones arranged in the same way as modern humans. More curved
• was able to walk upright

Question 23

Features of Homo habilis

Answer 23

• Long arms
• Walked upright
• Fairly short

Question 24

A 1.6 million year old skeleton was found, providing evidence that humans evolved in…

Answer 24

Africa

Question 25

Features of Home erectus

Answer 25

- Tall | - Strongly built

Question 26

How do scientists identify the age of stone tools?

Answer 26

Scientists can work out the ages of different layers of rock therefore, they can assume that the stone tool is about the same age as that layer of rock

Question 27

Describe how stone tools developed over time

Answer 27

Older stone tools are very simple but would have been helpful for skinning an animal or cutting up meat. As time has progressed tools have become more sophisticated.

Question 28

Describe how scientists try to show human evolution by placing fossils in order

Answer 28

By arranging fossils in age order, the scientists show how trends between the species have changed over time

Question 29

Explain why scientists cannot be sure that human-like animals, such as Ardi, evolved into modern humans

Answer 29

Although there are trends within the different species, there are gaps in fossil evidence which means that scientists cannot be certain that the species evolved into eachother

Question 30

Describe on differnece between Lucy and Ardi

Answer 30

- Different to bones (Lucy more curved) - Different height - Different brain volume