CB1c Specialised Cells Flashcards
How many specialised are then in the human body roughly?
There are 200 different type of specialised cells in humans.
What specialised cells have only one copy of the 23 different types of chromsomes
Gametes. The cell produced by fertilisation has two copies
Diploid (definition)
Cells with two sets of chromosomes
Haploid (definition)
Cells with one copy of each chromosome
Egg Cell; cell membrane (function)
After fertilisation the cell membrane becomes hard to stop other sperm cells entering
Egg Cell; jelly coat (function)
Protects the egg cell. Hardens after fertilisation
Small intestine cells (for digestion) adapted by
having membranes with many tiny folds called microvilli (increase the surface area if the cell meaning food can be abosrbed faster)
having mitochondria (muscle cells require a lot of energy)
Cells in the pancreas (makes enzymes) adapted by
Cells contain lots of ribosomes
Egg cell; cytoplasm (function)
The cytoplasm is pcked with nutrients to supply fertilised egg with energy for the growth and development of the embryo
Sperm cell; vacuole (function)
The small vacuole contains acrosomes. Acrosomes are enzymes that break down the substances in the egg cell’s jelly coat
Sperm cell; head (function)
Streamlined shape
Sperm cell; top of the tail (function)
A large number of mitochondria are arranged in a spiral around the top of the tail, to release lots of energy to power the tail
Sperm cell; tail (function)
Tail allows sperm to swim
Oviduct cells; cillia
Cillia are covered in cell membrane and contain strands of a substance that can contract and cause a wavy movement, to transport the egg cell smoothly
Epithelial cells
Cells that line structures in the body
