CB39: Mesoderm & Endoderm Flashcards
What germ layer makes somites?
Mesoderm
Which cell types makes somites?
Epithelial cells
What are the 2 things that somites make?
Sclerotome & dermatome
What do sclerotome make?
Vertebrae, the axial skeleton.
What does dermatome make?
skeletal muscle & dermis of the back.
What is the process by which somites form?
Somitogenesis
Dorsal lateral mesoderm gives rise to…?
Somatic mesoderm
What does somatic mesoderm give rise to?
Parietal serous membrane, dermis of ventral body region, CT of limbs + will form limb bud outgrowth.
Ventral lateral mesoderm gives rise to…?
Splanchnic mesoderm
What does splanchnic mesoderm give rise to?
Heart, blood vessel, visceral serous membranes, wall of digestive & respiratory tracts (excluding epithelial cells).
Define diverticula.
Outgrowths that form from the gut tube thanks to specific signals.
What are the divisions of the gut tube?
Foregut, midgut & hindgut
What does the midgut open onto and what allows it to communicate with that structure?
The midgut opens onto the yolk sac via the vitelline duct.
What structures will be formed by the foregut?
Stomach, spleen, liver, pharynx, oesophagus, proximal duodenum, gallbladder & pancreas.
What structures will be formed by the midgut?
Distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, ascending colon & proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
What structures will be formed by the hindgut?
Distal third of transverse colon, descending colon & anorectal canal.
How are the body cavities formed?
They are formed by the division of the coelom.
Which structures contribute to the formation of the diaphragm?
Septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal folds & body wall.
How are serous membranes formed?
Organ buds from the gut tube will cause the invagination of splanchnic/somatic mesoderm into the coelomic cavity.
What gives rise to epi-myocardium?
Visceral mesoderm
