A21: Hindlimb 2 Flashcards
Where is the sacroiliac joint located?
Between the sacral & iliac wings.
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
Combined synovial & fibrocartilaginous joint.
What are the ligaments that support the sacroiliac joint?
The sacrotuberous ligament
Dorsal & ventral sacroiliac ligaments
Where does the sacrotuberous ligament run from & to ?
From the sacrum & 1st coccygeal vertebrae to the ischiatic tuberosity.
Which muscles arise from the sacrotuberous ligament?
Biceps femoris, piriformis & superficial gluteal mm.
What type of joint is the hip joint?
A ball & socket joint.
What are the ligaments of the hip joints & where do they run from & to?
Acetabular ligament: from the acetabular lip to the femoral head.
Round ligament of femoral head: from the femoral head to acetabulum.
How is the hip joint stabilised?
The surrounding ligaments & muscles, the suctions effect created by the acetabulum & synovial fluid & the tough fibrous joint capsule.
State the 4 muscle groups of the hip.
Caudal
Medial
Gluteal
Deep
State the muscles in the gluteal muscle group.
Tensor fascia latae m.
Piriformis m.
Superificial gluteal m.
Deep gluteal m.
Middle gluteal m.
State the muscles in the medial muscle group.
Gracilis m.
Sartorius m.
Adductor m.
Pectineus m.
External obturator m.
State the muscles in the caudal muscle group.
Biceps femoris m.
Semitendinosus m.
Semimembranosus m.
State the muscles in the deep muscle group.
Internal obturator m.
Gemelli m.
Quadratus femoris m.
Articularis coxae m.
What is the action and innervation of tensor fascia latae m.?
A: hip flexion & stifle extension
Innervation: cranial gluteal n.
What is the action and innervation of superficial gluteal m.?
A: hip extension & limb abduction
Innervation: caudal gluteal n.
What is the action and innervation of middle gluteal m.?
A: hip extension
Innervation: cranial gluteal n.
What is the action and innervation of deep gluteal m.?
A: hip extension & abduction
Innervation: cranial gluteal n.
What is the action and innervation of piriformis m. ?
A: hip extension
Innervation: caudal gluteal n.
What is the action and innervation of sartorius m.?
A: hip flexion
Innervation: saphenous branch of femoral n.
What is the action and innervation of gracillis m.?
A: adduction of limb
Innervation: obturator n.
What is the action and innervation of adductor m.?
A: adduction of limb
Innervation: obturator n.
What is the action and innervation of the pectineus m.?
A: limb adduction
Innervation: obturator n.
What is the action and innervation of external obturator m.?
A: limb adduction
Innervation: obturator n.
What is the action and innervation of quadratus femoris m.?
A: external rotation of thigh & hip extension
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of gemelli m.?
A: external rotation of thigh
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of internal obturator m.?
A: external rotation of thigh
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of articularis coxae m.?
A: external rotation of thigh
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of semitendinosus m.?
A: hip extension
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of semimembranosus m.?
A: hip extension
Innervation: sciatic n.
What is the action and innervation of biceps femoris m.?
A: hip extension
Innervation: sciatic n.
What does the ilipsoas muscle do?
It is the only true hip flexor.
