CB24-Anterior mediastinum, pericardial cavity, heart, coronary vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the mediastinum located?

A

between the left lung and right lung

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2
Q

Where is the angle of louis?

A
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3
Q

The thymus gland is posterior to the __________

A

manubrium

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4
Q

the thymus gland is anterior to the ________

A

pericardial sac

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5
Q

What happens to the thymus gland after puberty?

A

it gradually regresses

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6
Q

What is located in the middle mediastinum?

A

the pericardium, heart, origins of the great vessels

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7
Q

What forms the border between the superior mediastinum and the inferior mediastinum?

A

angle of louis/sternal angle

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8
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

the membrane enclosing the heart

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9
Q

What is the name of the 2 main layers of the pericardium?

A

fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

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10
Q

What is are the two parts of the serous pericardium?

A

the parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium

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11
Q

what is the space between the parietal and visceral pericardiums called?

A

pericardial cavity

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12
Q

What is the fibrous pericardium attached to?

A
  1. Great Vessels
  2. Central Tendon of Diaphragm
  3. Sternum (Sternopericardial ligament)
  4. Parietal layer of serous pericardium
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13
Q

What does the parietal pericardium line?

A

it lines the fibrous pericardium

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14
Q

what does the visceral pericardium line?

A

it lines the heart (the visceral pericardium is also called the epicardium)

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15
Q

What does the pericardial cavity have in it?

A

pericardial fluid

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16
Q

What does the pericardial cavity do?

A

it facilitates gliding movements, beating of the heart

17
Q

Where are the pericardial sinuses located?

A

in the pericardial cavity

18
Q

What are the 2 pericardial sinuses called?

A

transverse sinus and oblique sinus

19
Q

Where is the transverse pericardial sinus located?

A

it is posterior to the aorta & pulmonary trunk and anterior to the superior vena cava

20
Q

Where is the oblique sinus located?

A

it is in the posterior part of the pericardium.

it is between the right pulmonary veins and the inferior vena cava.

also between the right pulmonary vein and left pulmonary vein.

21
Q

What is the arrow pointing to?

A
22
Q

Which valves do each of these dots correspond to?

A
23
Q

What is significant about the apex beat?

A

it is the lowest and most lateral point on the chest wall where you can feel the heart beating

24
Q

What is dextrocardia?

A

a relatively uncommon embryological abnormality where the heart is pointed to the right side of the chest instead of the left

25
Q

NEED TO GO OVER SLIDESHOW BECAUSE THERE WERE A LOT OF DIAGRAMS IN THIS ONE

A

file:///Users/adarsha/Downloads/Y1-Ant%20mediastinum_AH%202021%20(1).pdf