🌋Case Study - Typhoon Haiyan 2013 Flashcards
Where did the typhoon originate?
South China Sea, the Philippines
When did the typhoon occur?
November 2013
Why were storm surges increased?
Sea levels have risen by 20cm since 1990
Why was Tacloban particularly at risk?
It is at the edge of a bay and water was funnelled in during the storm surge, more than 4m high
Why were water levels in the Philippines higher?
Combined with rising sea levels, excess groundwater lead to the land sinking
How many people were killed?
7500
How many people were affected?
9 million
How many were left homeless?
1.9 million
How many people were displaced?
6 million
Why were there so many casualties?
Due to a lack of aid in the area
Why did disease spread so easily?
Likely due to lack of food, water and shelter
How much did the damage cost?
$2.9 billion
What major crops were destroyed?
Major rice and sugar areas
How many hectares of land were affected?
71,000
How much did the farm damage cost?
$85 million
What environmental losses were seen?
Forests were lost and widespread flooding
What was leaked into ecosystems?
Oil and sewerage
Why were pollution levels higher?
Due to lack of sanitation
What did the government declare?
A state of national emergency
How did the number of workers in the Tacloban government change?
Went from 2500 workers to 70
How many people were given food assistance?
4 million
How many temporary learning site were set up?
140,000
How many children were screened for malnutrition?
97,000
How many households received basic emergency shelter materials?
500,000
How many families received solar lanterns?
50,000
What services were provided?
Healthcare, food and water
How was disease prevented?
Hundreds of thousands of children were vaccinated
How many families were given seeds?
44,000
How many were given fertilisers to grow crops?
80,000 with the aim of feeding 800,000
How many received tools and materials to rebuild homes?
55,000
How many households were given cash for materials and labour?
40,000
How much money was given in grants?
$23 million
How many boat builders were trained to reinstate fishing villages?
900
What did Save the Children do in the country?
Trained people in trade such as carpentry
Provided most vulnerable families with housing
Gave out seeds to plant vegetables
Taught children proper hygiene
What did the US FAO do in the country?
Assisted farming and fishing families
Distributed goods and fertiliser
Encouraged women to sell hand made products
Trained boat builders
What was the diameter of the typhoon?
425km
Cause: What were the 2 natural causes of the typhoon?
Low wind shear
Warm Pacific Ocean
Cause: How did human interference make it worse?
Towns and cities on coastlines- high populations
Climate change- sea levels have risen and sea surface temperature has increased
Cause: When was it declared a typhoon?
5th November 2013
Cause: Unofficially, typhoon Haiyan is the _____ most intense tropical cyclone on record
4th
P.E.: After one day, what was the Philippines declared?
A State of National Calamity, and asked for international help
P.E.: Where did oil and sewage leak into?
Local ecosystems
P.E.: What percentage of Tacloban City government workers came into work?
2.8%
S.E.: How many tons of rice were lost?
130,000
S.E.: How much of agricultural exports do coconuts account for?
50%
S.E.: What happened to coconut farms?
They were completely flattened
S.E.: Why were there high levels of pollution in the following weeks?
Because of poor sanitation
S.E.: Why were fishing communities badly affected?
The storm destroyed all boats and fishing equipment
S.E.: What happened to the populations of less affected areas?
They more than doubled after an influx of refugees
S.E.: How high was the storm surge in Tacloban?
5m
I.R.: Which army delivered World Programme food supplies?
U.S. Army
They used helicopters for hard to reach areas
I.R.: How much did the UN appeal want to raise?
£190 million
Was increased later on as impact was underestimated
I.R.: How much did the UK Disaster Emergency Committee raise in 24 hours?
£13 million
I.R.: Who distributed supplies like cash, food and shelter to more than 1 million people?
Red Cross and 50 other organisations
I.R.: How many Red Cross volunteers helped the emergency distribution efforts?
8,000
I.R.: Who was criticised for their slow response?
President Benigno Aquino
I.R.: How many people received shel
17,800
went to more sustainable homes
L.R.: What did the United Nations admit about their response?
It had been too slow, with reports of hunger and thirst among desperate survivors
L.R.: How many households received cash grants from the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement?
75,000
L.R.: How many families got a home from World Renew across 3 islands?
1,400
L.R.: How many latrines did World Renew build?
320
L.R.: How much did Japan give to Poverty Reduction?
$20 million
L.R.: How many temporary learning centres did OCHA build?
140,000
L.R.: Why did FAO teach coconut farmers other skills?
So they could diversify as coconut trees take 6-8 years to regrow
L.R.: How many anglers did FAO train on how to build boats?
900… apprentices… spread of knowledge
L.R.: Why’s it good that FAO trained women on how to add value to fish products?
It increases their economic output… send kids to school
L.R.: What has FAO restored along coastlines?
Mangroves
L.R.: How many did Save the Children help?
900,000, 50% were kids
L.R.: What did Save the Children teach at community centres and schools?
How to properly wash hands, reducing future disease
L.R.: How many families were given seeds by OCHA? How many should this feed a year?
44,000 given seeds
Should feed 800,000 a year
I.R.: Which nations set up a joint field hospital to help treat the injured?
France and Belgium
I.R.: What percentage of emergency shelter was provided by the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement?
25%
Included tents and tarpaulin
What % live in poverty?
Just under 30%
What % have access to clean water
95%
Life expectancy?
72
How many doctors per 1000 people
1.15
% literacy rate
Just under 50%
Date
November 7th & 8th 2013
How much have water levels risen since 1900 and what has this meant?
About 20cm - this has contributed to greater storm surges
Sea rise in the Philippines vs the rest of the world?
Rise near the Philippines has been the highest anywhere in the world, at three times larger than the global average
How much of Tacloban was destroyed?
90%
What do coconuts account for in the Philippines?
Nearly half of all agricultural exports
What is the country the world’s biggest producer of?
Coconut oil
How many tons of sugar was lost?
Between 50,000 tons and 120,000 tons
How many hectares of farmland was lost?
70,000 hectares
How many fishing boats were destroyed?
30,000 fishing boats
How many lost a source of income?
6 million
What was completely flattened?
Coconuts
What community was severely affected?
Fishing community
What did the Philippines declare and ask for?
The Philippines formally declared “A State of National Calamity” and asked for international help, one day after the Haiyan hit the country
How much food was given by OCHA?
4 million
How many households were given basic emergency shelter materials by the OCHA?
500,000
How many medical teams did the WHO provide?
150
How many public health facilities were assessed and mapped by the WTO?
582
How many tons of medical supplies and equipments were coordinated by the WTO?
500
What did the ADB provide?
$23 millions in grants to address immediate needs
What did world vision provide?
123,000 families food, 17,000 shelter kits
How many evacuation centres for the homeless were set up?
1200
How many were given seed and fertiliser and how many will this feed by the OCHA?
44,00 families given seeds, 80,000 given fertiliser - will feed 800,000 per year
How many were given educational materials by the OCHA?
420,000 children
How many children did the OCHA screen for malnutrition?
97,000
How many children did the WTO vaccinate against measles?
110,000
World vision motto
Build back better
What did build back better aim to do and what has actually happened?
205,000 homes but by 2016 only 1% had be built
