CARTILAGE AND JOINTS Flashcards
A. Identify the tissue
B. Structure?
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. perichondrium
A. Identify tissue
B. Identify cells
C. Identify cell
A. Fibrocartilage
B. Chondrocytes
C. Fibroblast
A. Identify tissue
B. Identify tissue
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Dense irregular CT
A. Identify structure
B. Identify cell
C. Identify tissue
A. Perichondrium
B. Chondrocytes
C. Elastic Cartilage
A. Identify cells
B. What substance in the matrix aids in hydration that is essential for diffusion of nutrients to cartilage cells?
A. Chondrocytes
B. GAG or proteoglycans
Repair potential in fibrocartilage is poor because:
Lack of perichondrium, therefore absence of mesenchymal stem cells.
Poor vascular supply
A. Identify the structure
B. Identify cells
A. Elastic fibers in elastic cartilage
B. Chondrocytes
A. Epithelium?
B. Structure?
A. Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
B. Perichondrium
A/B: Identify tpe of CT
A. Elastic cartilage
B. Fibrocartilage
Define syndesmosis and give an example
Syndesmosis: Two bones are joined by dense CT (either irregular or regular), but the amount of CT is more in this example than in the suture of a young animal. An example is the interosseous membrane (dense irregular CT) between tibia and fibula or radius and ulna, or interosseous ligament (dense regular CT) between distal tibia and fibula
Define Synchondrosis and give an example
Synchondrosis: Two bones are joined by hyaline cartilage. Examples: growth plates (a temporary joint), or the joint between the first seven ribs and the sternum; this is temporary because cartilage is eventually replaced by bone with age.
A. What are these groups of cells known as?
B. When cells multiply here, it leads to a growth complex known as ??
A. Isogneous cell nest in hyaline cartilage
B. Interstital growth (growth from within tissue)
A. When cells multiply here, it leads to a growth complex known as ??
B. Identify tissue
A. Appositional growth (growth from surface)
B. Dense fibrous CT
Since the articular cartilage does not have the perichondrium (and thus no blood vessels close to cartilage tissue), how do chondrocytes in articular cartilage receive nutrition?
Hyaline cartilage contains hydrophilic GAGs that bind large amounts of water molecules. When the joint is compressed, water is squeezed out (like a sponge) of the cartilage matrix and released into the synovial cavity. When the joint compression is released, water (along with nutrients) is reabsorbed back into the cartilage matrix. Therefore, the synovial fluid not only lubricates joint surfaces, but also provides nutrients to the avascular articular cartilage.
A. Tissue?
B. Identify the type of cartilage tissue
A. Fibrocartilage
B. Dense CT
