Cartilage and bone part 1

Question 1

What are the steps go integument healing?

Answer 1

1. Hemostasis
2. Inflammation
3. Tissue repair

Question 2

What is the skeletal system comprised of?

Answer 2

bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and other forms of connective tissue

Question 3

What are the 3 types of ligaments?

Answer 3

Articular ligaments - “true ligaments” connects bone to bone
Peritoneal Ligaments - hepatodiodenial ligament, broad ligament, & the sensory ligament of the uterus
Fetal remnant ligaments - umbilical ligaments

Question 4

Grazing animals have 2 large elastic ligaments in their neck called the _____

Answer 4

ligamentum nuchae

Question 5

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 5

1. Hayline cartilage
2. Elastic cartilage
3. Fibrocartilage

Question 6

Explain hyaline cartilage

Answer 6

forms most of the cartilage in an animal
Blue/white in color
The interstitial matrix in hyaline cartilage is comprised of a mixture of mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins
Collagen fibers make up ~40% of hyaline cartilage matrix

Question 7

Explain Elastic cartilage

Answer 7

Continuously grows 
pinnae (outer ear)
epiglottis 
Yellow cartilage 
more flexible than hyaline and also contains another extracellular protein; elastin that forms meshwork fibers.

Question 8

Explain fibrocartilage

Answer 8

found at the sites of origin and insertion of many of the larger ligaments onto bone
found within the intervertebral discs and the symphysis of the pubis and sites of bone repair.
type II collagen

Question 9

What are the 2 main parts of the skeleton?

Answer 9

Axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

Question 10

What is the axial skeleton comprised of?

Answer 10

vertebral column, ribs, sternum, and skull

Question 11

What is the appendicular skeleton comprised of?

Answer 11

the bones of the limbs, including the pelvic girdle and scapulae

Question 12

What are the skeletal functions?

Answer 12

1. Physical support
2. Protection of soft tissue
3. Manufactures blood cells, in the marrow cavity
4. Function in mineral storage and blood plasma ion balance
5. Facilitates movement and locomotion

Question 13

Classification of bones by shape

1. _____ - longer than they are wide, with enlarged extremities bearing articular structures (femur, metacarpals)
2. _____- generally cube shaped (carpals, tarsals)
3. _____- thin and flattened (sternum, ribs, scapula)
4. _____- complex, irregular shape (vertebrae)
5. _____- small bones embedded in tendon (patella)

Answer 13

1. Long bones
2. Short bones
3. Flat bones
4. Irregular bones
5. Sesamoids

Question 14

Mature bone is comprised of cells called _____. These lie within the matrix in small cavities called _____. which are connected via a system of fine tubules called _____.

Answer 14

osteocytes
lacunae
canaliculi