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AVS 371 > Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Explain what happens in Lub (1st heart sound)

A

Tricuspid and Mitral valves snap shut

Pulmonary and Aortic valves just opened

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2
Q

Explain what happens in Dup (2nd heart sound)

A

Pulmonary and Aortic valves snaps shut

Tricuspid and Mitral valves just opened

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3
Q

Explain what happens in Woosh (between lub and dup heart sound)

A

Blood is squeezing out and going to the body (systole)

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4
Q

Explain what happens in Whish (between dup and lub heart sound)

A

Blood is refilling from the Atriums to the Ventricles (diastole)

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5
Q

What happens during the P-wave?

A

Activation of the Atria
SA node fired
Electrical signals spread throughout the atria and cause them to depolarized.
Atrial systole starts after the p-wave begins.

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6
Q

What happens during the P-Q segment?

A

The time the signals travel from the SA node to the AV node

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7
Q

What happens during the QRS complex?

A

Firing of the AV node
Represents ventricular depolarization.
Atrial repolarization also occurs but is hidden by QRS complex

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8
Q

What happens during the Q-wave?

A

Depolarization of the intraventricular septum

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9
Q

What happens during the R-wave?

A

Produced by depolarization of the main mass of the ventricles

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10
Q

What happens during the S-wave?

A

Last phase of the ventricular depolarization at the base of the heart

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11
Q

What happens during the S-T segment?

A

Plateau in the myocardial action potential

When the ventricles contract and pump blood.

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12
Q

What happens during the T-wave?

A

Recovery wave

Ventricular repolarization immediately before ventricular relaxation, or ventricular diastole.

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13
Q

What happens during the T-P segment?

A

Represents time when heart muscle cells are electrically silent.
Interval shortens as heart rate increases.

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14
Q

List the path blood must take, starting at the Vena cava.

A

Inferior and Superior Vena Cava
Into the Right Atrium
Though the Tricuspid Valve
Into the Right Ventricle
Passes through the Pulmonary Valve
Into the Pulmonary Trunk
Splits and goes through the left and right pulmonary arteries
Goes to the left and right lung - gets rid of CO2 and picks up oxygen. (Pulmonary circulation)
Leaves the lungs through the pulmonary veins
Returns to the heart into the left Atrium
Passes the Mitral valve into the left ventricle
Leaves the left ventricle going into the Aorta through the Aortic Valve
From the Aorta the blood goes to the rest of the body
Systematic Circulation

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15
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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16
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

SA node

17
Q

What are the 2 parts of the Pericardium-membrane around the heart?

A 
Fibrous Pericardium
Serous Pericardium (epicardium)
18
Q

What are the 4 steps of contraction?

A
  1. Depolarization
  2. Plateau
  3. Repolarization
  4. Refractory period
19
Q

There are no arterioles in the _____.

A

Lungs

20
Q

What are the 4 phases of the left side cardiac pump?

A

Inflow phase
Isovolumetric contraction
Outflow phase
Isovolumetric relaxation

21
Q

What is the average arterial blood pressure?

A

120mmHg/80mmHg

systolic/diastolic

22
Q

How do you find pulse pressure?

A

systolic - diastolic

23
Q

How do you find mean pressure?

A

diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure

24
Q

_____, _____, and _____ have 2/3 of blood at any point in time.

A

Venules
Veins
Venae Cavae

25
Q

What are the primary organs in the Lymphatic system?

A

Thymus Gland
Bone Marrow
Tonsals

26
Q

What are the secondary organs in the Lymphatic system?

A

Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
Aggregates lymphatic tissue (Peyer’s patches in gut)
Spleen

27
Q

What are the 3 functions of the Lymphatic system?

A
  1. Helps maintain the fluid balance between the blood vessels
  2. Immunity
  3. Absorbs digested fats from the small intestine

AVS 371 (15 decks)

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