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Eating and Eliminating > Carnivore Abdomen > Flashcards

Carnivore Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the parietal peritoneum

A

Lines the inner surface of walls of
abdominal, pelvic and scrotal cavities

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2
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum

A

Covers the viscera of the abdominal,
pelvic and scrotal cavities

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3
Q

What is the connecting peritoneum

A

Double fold of peritoneum

Connect parietal and visceral
peritoneum

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4
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity

A

contains only a small amount of serous fluid

NO ORGANS WITHIN THIS CAVITY

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5
Q

What are the intraperitoneal organs

A

suspended from the abdominal roof within
the peritoneal reflections

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6
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs and give examples

A

covered incompletely by peritoneum

Applied to dorsal body wall

kidneys, aorta, caudal vena cava

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7
Q

What is the mesentery

A

part of the connecting peritoneum

Connect the abdominal body wall to
intestines and reproductive organs

Contains vessels and nerves

Named for what section of the
intestines they are suspending (ie Mesoduodenum, Mesojejunum, Mesocolon)

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8
Q

What is the root of the mesentery

A

Narrow attachment of the long
mesojejunum & mesoileum to
the dorsal body wall at L2

Contains the Cranial mesenteric a., Intestinal lymphatic vessels, Autonomic nervous plexus

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9
Q

What is a ligament/fold

A

Connect 2 parts of the visceral peritoneum

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10
Q

Where is the duodenocolic fold

A

Connects Ascending duodenum and Descending colon

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11
Q

Where is the ileocecal fold

A

between Ileum and Cecum

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12
Q

List the folds/ligaments associated with the liver

A

Hepato-duodenal fold
Hepato-gastric ligament
Hepato-renal ligament

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13
Q

List the ligaments/folds associated with the spleen

A

Gastro-splenic ligament
Nephro-splenic ligament

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14
Q

Where/what is the omentum

A

Part of the connecting peritoneum

From Stomach to other organs or abdominal wall

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15
Q

Where is the greater omentum and list the parts

A

connected to greater curvature of the stomach to body wall

  • 2 sheets: Superficial and Deep
  • Omental bursa: space between the 2 sheets
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16
Q

where is the lesser omentum and what resides in it

A

aka hepato-gastric ligament

Connected to lesser curvature of the stomach

Covers the papillary process of the caudate lobe of liver

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16
Q

What is the vaginal process

A

Projection of peritoneum outside the abdominal cavity

present in both sexes

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17
Q

Compare the vaginal process in females vs males

A

Females = unspecialized

Male = Modified into the tunics of the
testis and spermatic cord

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17
Q

List the peritoneal pouches within the pelvic cavity and where they are located

A

Pararectal fossa (between vertebrae and rectum)

Rectogenital pouch (between rectum and reproductive system)

Vesicogenital pouch (between reproductive system and bladder)

Pubovesical pouch (between bladder and ventral wall)

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18
Q

Describe the mesenteries of the urinary bladder

A

Lateral ligaments
median ligament

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19
Q

List the fixed viscera and why they are fixed and clin sig

A

Short mesenteries so they are surgical landmarks

Stomach
Duodenum
Ileum
Cecum
Colon

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20
Q

What are the mobile viscera and why are they mobile and clin sig

A

long mesenteries

Easily mobilized for surgical procedures

Jejunum

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21
Q

What type of stomach do carnivores have

A

simple, one chamber

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22
Q

List the regions of the stomach

A

Fundus
Body
Pyloric region (Antrum, Canal)

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23
Q

Compare dog/cat stomachs

A

Dog: Fundus and Body projected to left,
pyloric antrum to the right

Cat: all regions shifted to the left

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24
Q
A

1) vesicogenital pouch
2) pararectal fossa
3) rectogenital pouch
4) pubovesical pouch

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25
Q
A

1) Esophagus
2) Fundus
3) cardia
4) body
5) angular incisure
6) greater curvature
7) antrum
8) lesser curvature
9) canal
10) pyloric sphincter

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26
Q

List the parts of the duodenum and where they are located

A

Cranial flexure: btw pylorus and desc duodenum
Descending duodenum: right side of body
Caudal flexure: descending to ascending duodenum
Ascending duodenum: attached to descending colon with duodenocolic fold

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27
Q

What are the duodenal papillae and where are they located

A

openings of bile duct and pancreatic duct

in cranial flexure

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28
Q

What is the major duodenal pailla

A

Contains the
Bile duct: Dog and Cat
Pancreatic duct: Dog– usually, Cat – always

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29
Q

What is the minor duodenal papilla

A

Accessory pancreatic duct
Dog: always (largest duct of pancreas)
Cat: rare

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30
Q

What is the jejunum

A

Longest part of the small intestine

31
Q

What is the ileal papilla

A

ileocolic sphincter

32
Q

Where does the ileum lead to

A

Ascending colon

33
Q

Where does the cecum open in to

A

cecocolic orifice (ascending colon)

34
Q

List the parts of the large intestine

A

Cecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Rectum

35
Q

What is the term for inflammation of the cecum

A

typhlitis

36
Q

What side of the body is the ascending colon

A

right

37
Q

what side of the body is the descending colon

A

left

38
Q

What is the rectum and where is it located

A

The caudal most part of the large intestine, lying on the midline largely in the pelvic cavity

39
Q

describe the glands assocaited with the anus and where they open

A

Anal glands: Open into anal canal

Circum-anal glands: Open outside the anus in subcutaneous tissue (in intermediate zone)

40
Q

what is the paranal sinus and where are they located

A

Glands of the anal sacs: Sacs lie between internal and external anal sphincter

41
Q
A

1) rectum
2) columnar zone
3) paranal sinus
4) anorectal sinus
5) intermediate zone with circumanal glands
6) anocutaneous line
7) cutaneous zone
8) opening of the excretory duct of the paranal sinus

42
Q

What is the liver and where is it located

A

Largest gland in the body
Has Endocrine and exocrine function
Right caudal to diaphragm

43
Q

What is the parietal surface of the liver

A

Diaphragmatic surface
Convex

44
Q

What is the visceral surface of the liver

A

Concave
In contact with other organs

45
Q

On what surface is the hepatic hilus located

A

Visceral

46
Q

What is located in the hepatic hilus

A

Hepatic a
Hepatic portal v
Bile duct

47
Q

Where does the gallbladder sit

A

Btw right medial and quadrate lobe

48
Q
A

1) coronary lig
2) gallbladder
3) right medial lobe
4) right lateral lobe
5) Caudate process of caudate lobe
6) right triangular lig
7) papillary process of caudate lobe
8) left triangular lig
9) left lateral lobe
10) falciform lig
11) left medial lobe
12) quadrate lobe

49
Q
A

1) Left lateral lobe
2) papillary process of caudate lobe
3) gastric impression
4) left triangular lig
5) bile duct
6) right lateral lobe
7) renal impression
8) hepatorenal lig
9) caudate process of caudate lobe
10) duidenal impression
11) right lateral lobe
12) gall bladder
13) right medial lobe
14) quadrate lobe

50
Q

What makes up the bile duct

A

Hepatic duct and cystic duct

51
Q

Name the peritoneal attachments on the parietal surface

A

Right and Left triangular ligaments
Coronary ligament
Falciform ligament

52
Q

Name the peritoneal attachments on the visceral surface

A

Hepatorenal ligament
Lesser omentum

53
Q
A

1) gallbladder
2) cystic duct
3) hepatic ducts
4) bile duct
5) major duodenal papilla
6) pancreatic duct
7) major duodenal papilla
8) accessory pancreatic duct

54
Q

Name parts of the pancreas and where they are located

A

Right lobe (in Mesoduodenum)
Body
Left lobe (Deep leaf of great omentum)

55
Q

Where is the spleen located

A

left body wall, superficial

56
Q

Name parts of the spleen

A

Head/base (more dorsal)
body
tail/apex (more ventral)

57
Q

Describe the splenic hilus

A

Elongated, covers length of whole visceral surface

58
Q

What is unique about the kidney location and compare right/left kidney location

A

retroperitoneal
right kidney is more cranial

59
Q

Compare location of right kidney in dog/cat

A

Ca: L1-L3
Fe: L2-L4

60
Q

Compare location of left kidney in dog/cat

A

Ca: L2-L4
Fe: L2-L5

61
Q

How to tell if kidney is enlarged on an xray

A

compare size to body of L2

(Ca: ~2.5-3.5x body of L2
Fe: ~2-3x body of L2)

62
Q

Describe the external anatomy of the kidneys

A

Renal capsule
renal hilus

63
Q

What is the renal crest

A

Free edge of medulla facing the renal pelvis

64
Q

What are the renal pyramids

A

Medulla separated by interlobar a. and v.
look triangular

65
Q

What is the renal papillae

A

Apex of renal pyramids
faces pelvic recess

66
Q

What is the corticomedullary junction

A

line between cortex and medulla

67
Q

What is the renal sinus

A

space containing Renal pelvis, Adipose tissue, Branches of renal a., v., n., lv

68
Q

What is the renal pelvis

A

Funnel-shaped structure
Receives urine and drains to
ureter
Pelvis recess extend to renal
parenchyma

69
Q

What is the pelvic recess

A

Part of renal pelvis facing the renal papillae

70
Q

Describe the renal irrigation

A

Renal artery (may be more than 1)
Segmentary a.
Interlobar a.
Arcuate a. (In corticomedullary junction)

Similar distribution with renal vein

71
Q
A

1) Segmental artery
2) renal artery
3) interlobar artery
4) arcuate artery

72
Q

describe the location of the ureters in abdomen vs pelvis

A

Abdominal portion: Retroperitoneal location

Pelvic portion: enters between the 2 layers of peritoneum forming the lateral ligament of bladder

73
Q

Describe the location of the urinary bladder (based on fullness)

A

Position varies with how full of urine is
Empty: pelvic cavity
Full: Caudal part of abdominal cavity

74
Q

List the external parts of the urinary bladder

A

Apex: cranial end
Body: largest part, distensible
Neck: narrower end, lead to urethra

75
Q

Describe the ureter entrance to the bladder

A

Ureter enter in oblique angle to
prevent reflux (gets pushed closed if bladder filled with urine)

76
Q

What is the trigone of the bladder

A

Triangular region containing
Entrance of ureters and Exit to urethra

77
Q

List the ligamenbts of the urinary bladder

A

Lateral ligaments (R/L) and mediaN ligament

Eating and Eliminating (9 decks)

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