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Eating and Eliminating > Carnivore Abdomen > Flashcards

Carnivore Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the parietal peritoneum

A

Lines the inner surface of walls of
abdominal, pelvic and scrotal cavities

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2
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum

A

Covers the viscera of the abdominal,
pelvic and scrotal cavities

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3
Q

What is the connecting peritoneum

A

Double fold of peritoneum

Connect parietal and visceral
peritoneum

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4
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity

A

contains only a small amount of serous fluid

NO ORGANS WITHIN THIS CAVITY

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5
Q

What are the intraperitoneal organs

A

suspended from the abdominal roof within
the peritoneal reflections

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6
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs and give examples

A

covered incompletely by peritoneum

Applied to dorsal body wall

kidneys, aorta, caudal vena cava

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7
Q

What is the mesentery

A

part of the connecting peritoneum

Connect the abdominal body wall to
intestines and reproductive organs

Contains vessels and nerves

Named for what section of the
intestines they are suspending (ie Mesoduodenum, Mesojejunum, Mesocolon)

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8
Q

What is the root of the mesentery

A

Narrow attachment of the long
mesojejunum & mesoileum to
the dorsal body wall at L2

Contains the Cranial mesenteric a., Intestinal lymphatic vessels, Autonomic nervous plexus

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9
Q

What is a ligament/fold

A

Connect 2 parts of the visceral peritoneum

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10
Q

Where is the duodenocolic fold

A

Connects Ascending duodenum and Descending colon

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11
Q

Where is the ileocecal fold

A

between Ileum and Cecum

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12
Q

List the folds/ligaments associated with the liver

A

Hepato-duodenal fold
Hepato-gastric ligament
Hepato-renal ligament

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13
Q

List the ligaments/folds associated with the spleen

A

Gastro-splenic ligament
Nephro-splenic ligament

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14
Q

Where/what is the omentum

A

Part of the connecting peritoneum

From Stomach to other organs or abdominal wall

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15
Q

Where is the greater omentum and list the parts

A

connected to greater curvature of the stomach to body wall

  • 2 sheets: Superficial and Deep
  • Omental bursa: space between the 2 sheets
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16
Q

where is the lesser omentum and what resides in it

A

aka hepato-gastric ligament

Connected to lesser curvature of the stomach

Covers the papillary process of the caudate lobe of liver

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16
Q

What is the vaginal process

A

Projection of peritoneum outside the abdominal cavity

present in both sexes

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17
Q

Compare the vaginal process in females vs males

A

Females = unspecialized

Male = Modified into the tunics of the
testis and spermatic cord

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17
Q

List the peritoneal pouches within the pelvic cavity and where they are located

A

Pararectal fossa (between vertebrae and rectum)

Rectogenital pouch (between rectum and reproductive system)

Vesicogenital pouch (between reproductive system and bladder)

Pubovesical pouch (between bladder and ventral wall)

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18
Q

Describe the mesenteries of the urinary bladder

A

Lateral ligaments
median ligament

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19
Q

List the fixed viscera and why they are fixed and clin sig

A

Short mesenteries so they are surgical landmarks

Stomach
Duodenum
Ileum
Cecum
Colon

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20
Q

What are the mobile viscera and why are they mobile and clin sig

A

long mesenteries

Easily mobilized for surgical procedures

Jejunum

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21
Q

What type of stomach do carnivores have

A

simple, one chamber

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22
Q

List the regions of the stomach

A

Fundus
Body
Pyloric region (Antrum, Canal)

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23
Compare dog/cat stomachs
Dog: Fundus and Body projected to left, pyloric antrum to the right Cat: all regions shifted to the left
24
1) vesicogenital pouch 2) pararectal fossa 3) rectogenital pouch 4) pubovesical pouch
25
1) Esophagus 2) Fundus 3) cardia 4) body 5) angular incisure 6) greater curvature 7) antrum 8) lesser curvature 9) canal 10) pyloric sphincter
26
List the parts of the duodenum and where they are located
Cranial flexure: btw pylorus and desc duodenum Descending duodenum: right side of body Caudal flexure: descending to ascending duodenum Ascending duodenum: attached to descending colon with duodenocolic fold
27
What are the duodenal papillae and where are they located
openings of bile duct and pancreatic duct in cranial flexure
28
What is the major duodenal pailla
Contains the Bile duct: Dog and Cat Pancreatic duct: Dog– usually, Cat – always
29
What is the minor duodenal papilla
Accessory pancreatic duct Dog: always (largest duct of pancreas) Cat: rare
30
What is the jejunum
Longest part of the small intestine
31
What is the ileal papilla
ileocolic sphincter
32
Where does the ileum lead to
Ascending colon
33
Where does the cecum open in to
cecocolic orifice (ascending colon)
34
List the parts of the large intestine
Cecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Rectum
35
What is the term for inflammation of the cecum
typhlitis
36
What side of the body is the ascending colon
right
37
what side of the body is the descending colon
left
38
What is the rectum and where is it located
The caudal most part of the large intestine, lying on the midline largely in the pelvic cavity
39
describe the glands assocaited with the anus and where they open
Anal glands: Open into anal canal Circum-anal glands: Open outside the anus in subcutaneous tissue (in intermediate zone)
40
what is the paranal sinus and where are they located
Glands of the anal sacs: Sacs lie between internal and external anal sphincter
41
1) rectum 2) columnar zone 3) paranal sinus 4) anorectal sinus 5) intermediate zone with circumanal glands 6) anocutaneous line 7) cutaneous zone 8) opening of the excretory duct of the paranal sinus
42
What is the liver and where is it located
Largest gland in the body Has Endocrine and exocrine function Right caudal to diaphragm
43
What is the parietal surface of the liver
Diaphragmatic surface Convex
44
What is the visceral surface of the liver
Concave In contact with other organs
45
On what surface is the hepatic hilus located
Visceral
46
What is located in the hepatic hilus
Hepatic a Hepatic portal v Bile duct
47
Where does the gallbladder sit
Btw right medial and quadrate lobe
48
1) coronary lig 2) gallbladder 3) right medial lobe 4) right lateral lobe 5) Caudate process of caudate lobe 6) right triangular lig 7) papillary process of caudate lobe 8) left triangular lig 9) left lateral lobe 10) falciform lig 11) left medial lobe 12) quadrate lobe
49
1) Left lateral lobe 2) papillary process of caudate lobe 3) gastric impression 4) left triangular lig 5) bile duct 6) right lateral lobe 7) renal impression 8) hepatorenal lig 9) caudate process of caudate lobe 10) duidenal impression 11) right lateral lobe 12) gall bladder 13) right medial lobe 14) quadrate lobe
50
What makes up the bile duct
Hepatic duct and cystic duct
51
Name the peritoneal attachments on the parietal surface
Right and Left triangular ligaments Coronary ligament Falciform ligament
52
Name the peritoneal attachments on the visceral surface
Hepatorenal ligament Lesser omentum
53
1) gallbladder 2) cystic duct 3) hepatic ducts 4) bile duct 5) major duodenal papilla 6) pancreatic duct 7) major duodenal papilla 8) accessory pancreatic duct
54
Name parts of the pancreas and where they are located
Right lobe (in Mesoduodenum) Body Left lobe (Deep leaf of great omentum)
55
Where is the spleen located
left body wall, superficial
56
Name parts of the spleen
Head/base (more dorsal) body tail/apex (more ventral)
57
Describe the splenic hilus
Elongated, covers length of whole visceral surface
58
What is unique about the kidney location and compare right/left kidney location
retroperitoneal right kidney is more cranial
59
Compare location of right kidney in dog/cat
Ca: L1-L3 Fe: L2-L4
60
Compare location of left kidney in dog/cat
Ca: L2-L4 Fe: L2-L5
61
How to tell if kidney is enlarged on an xray
compare size to body of L2 (Ca: ~2.5-3.5x body of L2 Fe: ~2-3x body of L2)
62
Describe the external anatomy of the kidneys
Renal capsule renal hilus
63
What is the renal crest
Free edge of medulla facing the renal pelvis
64
What are the renal pyramids
Medulla separated by interlobar a. and v. look triangular
65
What is the renal papillae
Apex of renal pyramids faces pelvic recess
66
What is the corticomedullary junction
line between cortex and medulla
67
What is the renal sinus
space containing Renal pelvis, Adipose tissue, Branches of renal a., v., n., lv
68
What is the renal pelvis
Funnel-shaped structure Receives urine and drains to ureter Pelvis recess extend to renal parenchyma
69
What is the pelvic recess
Part of renal pelvis facing the renal papillae
70
Describe the renal irrigation
Renal artery (may be more than 1) Segmentary a. Interlobar a. Arcuate a. (In corticomedullary junction) Similar distribution with renal vein
71
1) Segmental artery 2) renal artery 3) interlobar artery 4) arcuate artery
72
describe the location of the ureters in abdomen vs pelvis
Abdominal portion: Retroperitoneal location Pelvic portion: enters between the 2 layers of peritoneum forming the lateral ligament of bladder
73
Describe the location of the urinary bladder (based on fullness)
Position varies with how full of urine is Empty: pelvic cavity Full: Caudal part of abdominal cavity
74
List the external parts of the urinary bladder
Apex: cranial end Body: largest part, distensible Neck: narrower end, lead to urethra
75
Describe the ureter entrance to the bladder
Ureter enter in oblique angle to prevent reflux (gets pushed closed if bladder filled with urine)
76
What is the trigone of the bladder
Triangular region containing Entrance of ureters and Exit to urethra
77
List the ligamenbts of the urinary bladder
Lateral ligaments (R/L) and mediaN ligament

Eating and Eliminating (9 decks)

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