Cardiovascular system Flashcards
Function of blood
delivers particular substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from these cells.
Composition of blood
Composed of blood cells in the blood plasma
What is an erythrocyte?
Red blood cell
Where is an erythrocyte made?
Bone marrow
Why is an erythrocyte red?
Because of haemoglobin
What are Lymphocytes?
They are white blood cells that are part of the immune system
What is a T-cell
Another word for T-lymphocyte
What is a B-cell?
Another word for B-lymphocyte
What is a neutrophil?
A white blood cell
What is a monocyte?
A large white blood cell
What is phagocytosis?
The ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amozboid protozoans
What are platelets?
Platelets are tiny blood cells that help to form blood clots to stop bleeding.
What is blood plasma?
A clear yellowish liquid that carries different nutrients like Red blood cells, white blood cells and amino acids as well as poisonous waste.
What does blood plasma do?
Blood plasma helps the blood to clot and also helps the body maintain it’s temperature
What are lipoproteins
A group of soluble particles that combine with and transport fat or other lipids in the blood plasma
What is haemoglobin?
A red protein that is responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood.
What is a haem group?
A coordination complex
What is oxyhaemoglobin?
A bright red substance formed by combining haemoglobin and oxygen.
Where is oxyhaemoglobin found
In oxygenated blood
What is an endocrine gland?
A gland that secretes hormones into the blood stream.
What is a vesicle?
A small fluid filled bladder/sac/cyst or vacule within the body
What is an enzyme?
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction
What is an enzyme active site?
The region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction
What does denature mean?
Where an enzyme ‘dies’. A process where something’s natural properties get taken away.
What is a pathogen?
A bacterium, virus or other microorganism that can cause disease
What is an antibody?
A blood protein produced to attack and help kill a specific antigen. They combine with and attack something that the body classes as foreign.
What is an antigen?
A toxin or other foreign substance that causes an immune response in the body increasing the production of antibodies.
What is coagulation?
The process of blood clotting where blood turns to a solid or semi-solid state.
What are the two types of lymphocyte?
T-cells and B-cells
What does haemoglobin consist of?
four sub-units which contain an iron atom bound to a haem group.
What does a monocyte contain?
a simple oval nucleus and clear, greyish cytoplasm.
What type of fluid is blood?
A bodily fluid
