Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Function of blood

Answer 1

delivers particular substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from these cells.

Question 2

Composition of blood

Answer 2

Composed of blood cells in the blood plasma

Question 3

What is an erythrocyte?

Answer 3

Red blood cell

Question 4

Where is an erythrocyte made?

Answer 4

Bone marrow

Question 5

Why is an erythrocyte red?

Answer 5

Because of haemoglobin

Question 6

What are Lymphocytes?

Answer 6

They are white blood cells that are part of the immune system

Question 7

What is a T-cell

Answer 7

Another word for T-lymphocyte

Question 8

What is a B-cell?

Answer 8

Another word for B-lymphocyte

Question 9

What is a neutrophil?

Answer 9

A white blood cell

Question 10

What is a monocyte?

Answer 10

A large white blood cell

Question 11

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 11

The ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amozboid protozoans

Question 12

What are platelets?

Answer 12

Platelets are tiny blood cells that help to form blood clots to stop bleeding.

Question 13

What is blood plasma?

Answer 13

A clear yellowish liquid that carries different nutrients like Red blood cells, white blood cells and amino acids as well as poisonous waste.

Question 14

What does blood plasma do?

Answer 14

Blood plasma helps the blood to clot and also helps the body maintain it’s temperature

Question 15

What are lipoproteins

Answer 15

A group of soluble particles that combine with and transport fat or other lipids in the blood plasma

Question 16

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 16

A red protein that is responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood.

Question 17

What is a haem group?

Answer 17

A coordination complex

Question 18

What is oxyhaemoglobin?

Answer 18

A bright red substance formed by combining haemoglobin and oxygen.

Question 19

Where is oxyhaemoglobin found

Answer 19

In oxygenated blood

Question 20

What is an endocrine gland?

Answer 20

A gland that secretes hormones into the blood stream.

Question 21

What is a vesicle?

Answer 21

A small fluid filled bladder/sac/cyst or vacule within the body

Question 22

What is an enzyme?

Answer 22

A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction

Question 23

What is an enzyme active site?

Answer 23

The region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction

Question 24

What does denature mean?

Answer 24

Where an enzyme ‘dies’. A process where something’s natural properties get taken away.

Question 25

What is a pathogen?

Answer 25

A bacterium, virus or other microorganism that can cause disease

Question 26

What is an antibody?

Answer 26

A blood protein produced to attack and help kill a specific antigen. They combine with and attack something that the body classes as foreign.

Question 27

What is an antigen?

Answer 27

A toxin or other foreign substance that causes an immune response in the body increasing the production of antibodies.

Question 28

What is coagulation?

Answer 28

The process of blood clotting where blood turns to a solid or semi-solid state.

Question 29

What are the two types of lymphocyte?

Answer 29

T-cells and B-cells

Question 30

What does haemoglobin consist of?

Answer 30

four sub-units which contain an iron atom bound to a haem group.

Question 31

What does a monocyte contain?

Answer 31

a simple oval nucleus and clear, greyish cytoplasm.

Question 32

What type of fluid is blood?

Answer 32

A bodily fluid