Cardiovascular responses to shock Flashcards
What is shock?
An abnormality of the circulatory system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation
What does adequate tissue perfusion depend on?
Adequate blood pressure and adequate cardiac output
What is the cause of cardiogenic shock?
decreased cardiac contractility
resulting in
decreased stroke volume
What is obstructive shock in a tension pneumothorax caused by?
- Increased intrathoracic pressure
- decreased venous return
- decreased EDV
- decreased SV
What is the cause of neurogenic shock?
- loss of sympathetic tone
- massive venous & arterial vasodilatation
- decreased venous return & decreased SVR
What is the cause of vasoactive shock?
- release of vasoactive mediators
- massive venous & arterial vasodilatation- also increased capillary permeability
- decreased venous return & decreased SVR
What is the treatment outline for shock?
ABCDE approach
- High flow oxygen
- Volume replacement
What is the treatment for cardiogenic shock?
-Inotropes for cardiogenic shock
What is the treatment for obstructive shock?
- immediate chest drain for tension pneumothorax
What is the treatment for anaphylactic shock?
-adrenaline for anaphylactic shock
What is the treatment for septic shock?
-vasopressors for septic shock
What are the causes of hypovolaemic shock?
haemorrhage
vomitting
diarrhoea
excessive sweating
What level of blood volume loss can the body compensate for?
> 30%
What will the result of decreased mean arterial blood pressure on CO be?
Cardiac output may be decreased
What causes cool peripheries in haemorrhagic shock?
Increased systemic vascular resistance via bare reflex
